Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of trial participants
| Charateristics1 | Low-fat diet (N=73) | Low-carbohydrate diet (N=75) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 47.8 (10.4) | 45.8 (9.9) |
| Female | 65 (89) | 66 (88) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| White | 33 (45) | 34 (45) |
| Black | 36 (49) | 40 (53) |
| Others | 4 (5) | 1 (1) |
| Weight, kg | 97.9 (13.5) | 96.3 (12.7) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 35.6 (4.5) | 35.2 (3.8) |
| Waist circumference, cm | 111.0 (10.7) | 108.4 (9.3) |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 122.7 (38.6) | 122.5 (34.6) |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 56.5 (12.8) | 53.8 (13.3) |
| Plasma glucose, mg/dL | 93.4 (9.2) | 94.5 (10.9) |
| Anti-hypertensive medication use | 24 (32.9) | 21 (28.0) |
| Lipid-lowering medication use | 9 (12.3) | 12 (16.0) |
| Physical activity, MET-hour/week2 | 19.6 (35.5) | 16.3 (26.0) |
| Total Ghrelin, pg/mL | 814.9 (298.3) | 830.6 (261.2) |
| Total Peptide YY, pg/mL | 113.9 (22.5) | 114.8 (29.5) |
HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MET: metabolic equivalent.
1
All data were expressed as N (%) or Mean (SD) when appropriate.
2
Physical activity was calculated as the sum of hours per week of moderate to vigorous activities (walking, sports, dance and conditioning) multiplied by the activity’s individual metabolic equivalent value.