Table 2.
Molecular characteristics of ST22 MRSA isolates
| Year | No. of isolates | Strain definition | spa type | Antibiotic resistance (n) | Antibiotic resistance genes | Toxins encoding genes | Miscellaneous genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK EMRSA-15/Barnim | |||||||
| 2005 | 1 | ST22-MRSA-IVh | t032 | E, CC, CIP | ermC | seb, sec sel, egc | scn, hla, hlIII, hlgA |
| 2010 | 2 | ST22-MRSA-IVh | t032 | E (1), CC (1), CIP (2), W(1) | ermC | egc | scn, hla, hlgA |
| 2010 | 3 | ST22-MRSA-IVa | t790 | E (2), CC (2) | ermC | sec, egc | scn |
| UK EMRSA-15/Middle Eastern variant [tst+] | |||||||
| 2005 | 2 | ST22-MRSA-IVa | t223 | E (1), CC (1), TE (2), W (2) | ermC, tetK, dfrS1 | tst, egc | scn, hla, hlgA |
| 2010 | 17 | ST22-MRSA-IVa | t223 | TE (4), W(16) | tetK, dfrS1 | tst, egc | scn, hla, hlgA |
| 2010 | 1 | ST22-MRSA-IVa | t309 | W | dfrS1 | tst, egc | scn, hla, hlgA |
| 2005 | 1 | ST22-MRSA-IVa | t2251 | TE | tetK | tst, egc | scn, hla, hlgA |
| 2010 | 1 | ST22-MRSA-IVa | t3935 | W | dfrS1 | tst, sea egc | scn, hla |
| 2010 | 1 | ST22-MRSA-IVa | t5708 | W | tetK, dfrS1 | tst, egc | scn |
| CC22-MRSA-IV-PVL+ | |||||||
| 2010 | 5 | ST22-MRSA-IV | t852 | CN (5), K (5), E (1), CC (1), TOB (4), W (3), CIP (5) | aacA-aphD, aadD | PVL, egc | |
| 2010 | 2 | ST22-MRSA-IV | t3107 | CN (2), K (2), TOB (1), E (2), CC (2), W (2), CIP (2) | ermC, aacA-aphD, aadD, dfrS1 | PVL, egc | scn, hla, hlgA |
| 2010 | 1 | ST22-MRSA-IV | t5983 | E, CC, W, CIP, CN, K, TOB | ermC, aacA-aphD, aadD, dfrS1 | PV, egc | scn, hla |
All isolates carried hemolysin delta (hld) egc gene cluster (seg, sei, selm, seln, selo, selu).
CC, clindamycin; chp, chemotaxis-inhibiting protein; CIP, ciprofloxacin; CN, gentamicin; E, erythromycin; hl, putative membrane protein; hla, haemolysin alpha; hlb, haemolysin beta; hlgA, haemolysin gamma, component A; hlIII, putative membrane protein; K, kanamycin; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; PVL, Panton Valentine leukocidin; sak, staphylokinase; scn, staphylococcal complement inhibitor; TE, tetracycline; TOB, tobramycin; tst, toxic shock syndrome toxin; W, trimethoprim.