Figure 1. The average rates of fertilization, survival of embryos at various incubation times, and hatching in interspecific hybridization.

Columns represent average rates of fertilization, survival of embryos at 2, 5, 10, and 12 d of incubation and hatching. Gray columns, chicken-quail interspecific crosses; white columns, crosses between male and female quails; whiskers, standard deviation. The number within each parenthesis, the number of female quails used for crossing; NE, not examined. Survival and hatching rates were calculated from the fertilized eggs, and not from the incubated eggs. Female quails that laid 34 or more eggs were used for the analysis of the average fertilization rate in interspecific hybridization. Fractions of female quails, which laid 10 or more fertilized eggs were used for the analysis of average survival and hatching rates. Three female quails mated with male quails laid 15–29 fertilized eggs.