Table 1.
Study characteristics
| Number of studies | |
|---|---|
| Country | |
| USA | 49 |
| UK | 48 |
| Canada | 19 |
| Australia | 9 |
| New Zealand | 9 |
| Other | 28 |
| Study type | |
| Cross-sectional | 85 |
| Analysis of routine data | 24 |
| Qualitative | 22 |
| Cohort | 16 |
| Editorial or discussion paper | 3 |
| Other | 12 |
| Health problem | |
| Any health problem | 114 |
| Urgent health problems | 10 |
| Ambulatory care sensitive conditions | 8 |
| Mental health | 5 |
| COPD | 3 |
| Diabetes | 3 |
| Heart disease | 3 |
| Other | 16 |
| Age | |
| All adults | 111 |
| Older adults only | 51 |
| Socioeconomic position | |
| All adults | 150 |
| Socioeconomically disadvantaged only | 12 |
| Rurality | |
| Rural and urban | 137 |
| Rural only | 13 |
| Urban only | 12 |
| Gender | |
| Both | 157 |
| Female only | 4 |
| Male only | 1 |
| Health domain | |
| Primary care only | 69 |
| Primary and secondary | 93 |
| Subgroup analysis of relevant population | |
| Yes | 114 |
| No | 48 |
| Total | 162 |
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.