Table 4. Association between BMI, serum lipid levels and dyslipidaemia and the probability of different levels of AST/ALT ratio^1,2,3.

	AST/ALT ratio
	T1 (n = 152)	T2 (n = 108)	T3 (n = 154)	P
Gender- and age- BMI (kg/m2), ≥25 vs. <25 (ref.)
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.44 (0.24–0.81)**	0.43 (0.25–0.74)**	0.003
2Additionally adjusted	―	―	―	―
IFG (mg/dL), ≥100 vs. <100 (ref.)
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.53 (0.18–1.55)ns	0.51 (0.20–1.33)ns	0.294
2Additionally adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.61 (0.21–1.83)ns	0.59 (0.22–1.57)ns	0.494
TChol (mg/dL), ≥200 vs. <200 (ref.)
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.61 (0.31–1.17)ns	0.40 (0.21–0.76)**	0.017
2Additionally adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.60 (0.31–1.17)ns	0.39 (0.20–0.75)**	0.017
LDL-chol (mg/dL), ≥130 vs. <130 (ref.)
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.41 (0.19–0.88)*	0.25 (0.11–0.55)**	0.001
2Additionally adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.42 (0.19–0.91)*	0.26 (0.12–0.57)**	0.002
Non-HDL-chol (mg/dL), ≥145 vs. <145 (ref.)
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.43 (0.23–0.78)**	0.33 (0.19–0.58)***	<0.001
2Additionally adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.46 (0.25–0.85)*	0.36 (0.20–0.63)***	0.001
HDL-chol (mg/dL), ≤40 vs. >40 (ref.)
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.42 (0.23–0.74)**	0.41 (0.24–0.68)**	0.001
2Additionally adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.48 (0.26–0.86)*	0.47 (0.27–0.80)**	0.007
TG (mg/dL), ≥100/130 vs. <100/130 (ref.)3
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.46 (0.28–0.78)**	0.23 (0.14–0.38)***	<0.001
2Additionally adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.51 (0.30–0.87)*	0.25 (0.15–0.42)***	<0.001
RPL-chol (mg/dL), ≥24.8/27.0 vs. <24.8/27.0 (ref.)4
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.29 (0.16–0.54)***	0.21 (0.12–0.37)***	<0.001
2Additionally adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.33 (0.18–0.60)***	0.23 (0.13–0.41)***	<0.001
No. dyslipidaemia components, ≥1 vs. <1 (ref.)
1Gender- and age-adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.35 (0.21–0.59)***	0.27 (0.17–0.44)***	<0.001
2Additionally adjusted	1.00 (ref.)	0.37 (0.22–0.63)***	0.29 (0.18–0.48)***	<0.001

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; TChol, total cholesterol; LDL-chol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-chol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; non-HDL-chol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, tryglicerides; RLP-chol, remnant-like particle cholesterol.

^1,2 Logistic regression analysis considering the effect of one explanatory variable after adjustment for childrens’ ¹gender and age (continuous variable), and ²BMI (continuous variable).

³ TG levels were categorised as <100 or ≥100 in children aged ≤9 years, and as <130 or ≥130 in children aged 10 years.

⁴ High RLP-chol levels were defined as ≥P₇₅ for boys (24.8 mg/dL) and girls (27.0 mg/dL) separately.

* P<0.05

** P<0.01

*** P<0.001

ns: not significant.