Table 1.
Background characteristics of respondents and nonrespondents
| Characteristica | Respondents (N=517) | Nonrespondents (N=271)b | Comparison | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testc | p | |||
| Demographic | ||||
| Female sex, % (n) | 53.2 (275) | 46.9 (127) | 2.85 | .091 |
| Age at donation, years, % (n) | 25.03 | <.001 | ||
| 19–30 | 23.0 (119) | 37.6 (102) | ||
| >30–40 | 26.7 (138) | 28.0 (76) | ||
| >40–50 | 30.0 (155) | 22.9 (62) | ||
| >50–61 | 20.3 (105) | 11.4 (31) | ||
| Age at survey, years, % (n) | 24.88 | <.001 | ||
| 23–30 | 9.1 (47) | 18.5 (50) | ||
| >30–40 | 24.6 (127) | 29.5 (80) | ||
| >40–50 | 27.9 (144) | 27.7 (75) | ||
| >50–68 | 38.5 (199) | 24.4 (66) | ||
| Race/ethnicity, % (n) | 16.61d | <.001 | ||
| White/European | 87.6 (453) | 75.4 (150) | ||
| Hispanic/white | 4.6 (24) | 10.6 (21) | ||
| Black/African | 2.1 (11) | 2.5 (5) | ||
| Asian | 2.3 (12) | 7.5 (15) | ||
| Other | 3.3 (17) | 4.0 (8) | ||
| Years since donation, M (SD) | 5.8 (1.9) | 6.0 (1.8) | 1.98 | .048 |
| range | 3–10 | 3–10 | ||
| Relation to transplant recipient, % (n), donor is: | 0.59e | .893 | ||
| First-degree relative | ||||
| Parent | 3.7 (19) | 1.5 (4) | ||
| Adult child | 31.3 (162) | 25.8 (70) | ||
| Sibling | 23.4 (121) | 8.8 (24) | ||
| Spouse/partner | 7.7 (40) | 16.0 (26) | ||
| Other relative | ||||
| Biological relative | 6.2 (32) | 5.2 (14) | ||
| Nonbiological relative | 10.8 (56) | 4.4 (12) | ||
| Unrelated | 16.8 (87) | 14.8 (24) | ||
| Geographic region of transplant center, % (n)f | 7.61 | .022 | ||
| East | 32.3 (167) | 24.4 (66) | ||
| Midwest | 58.6 (303) | 62.0 (168) | ||
| West | 9.1 (47) | 13.7 (37) | ||
| Education at survey, % (n) | --- | --- | ||
| ≤ high school | 20.9 (108) | --- | ||
| vocational or some college | 22.9 (118) | |||
| college graduate | 36.2 (187) | |||
| postgraduate | 20.0 (103) | |||
| Married or had long-term partner at survey, % (n) | 70.5 (364) | --- | --- | --- |
| Employment status at survey, % (n) | --- | --- | --- | |
| Employed full-time | 76.8 (395) | |||
| Employed part-time | 10.3 (53) | |||
| Unemployed | 9.7 (50) | |||
| Retired | 3.1 (16) | |||
|
| ||||
| Clinical donation-related | ||||
| BMI at evaluation, M (SD) | 26.6 (4.2) | --- | --- | --- |
| Postdonation length of hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 7.0 (6.0–8.0) | --- | --- | --- |
| Post-operative complications in first year postdonation, highest Clavien grade, % (n)g | --- | --- | --- | |
| None | 71.3 (263) | |||
| Grade 1 | 8.9 (33) | |||
| Grade 2 | 19.2 (71) | |||
| Grade 3 | 0.5 (2) | |||
| Hospital readmission due to complications in first year postdonation, % yes (n) | 2.2 (8) | --- | --- | --- |
| Recipient vital status at follow-up (donor report), % deceased (n) | 17.6 (91) | --- | --- | --- |
| Months postdonation that recipient death occurred, M (SD) | 30.3 (27.7) | --- | --- | --- |
| Months before survey that recipient death occurred, M (SD) | 45.5 (24.7) | --- | --- | --- |
BMI, body mass index; IQR, interquartile range; M, mean; SD, standard deviation
Respondent and nonrespondent groups had complete data on each variable with the following exceptions: 72 nonrespondents were missing data on race/ethnicity, 109 nonrespondents were missing data on relation to recipient, 1 respondent each was missing data on education and recipient vital status at follow-up (donor report), 3 respondents were missing data on marital status, 6 respondents were missing data on employment, 10 respondents were missing data on BMI and postdonation length of hospital stay, 148 respondents were missing data on post-operative complications and hospital readmissions. The latter 148 respondents did not return to their centers for follow-up care through the complete first year postdonation. Although the 3 centers new to A2ALL (see Methods section for description of study design) were more likely to report missing data on post-operative complications and readmissions, there was no statistically significant association of donor center (comparing the 3 new to 6 continuing centers) with either complications (exact p=.280) or readmissions (exact p=.471).
The 271 nonrespondents included 59 donors lost to follow-up, 92 donors located but who did not respond to requests to participate in the survey, and 120 donors who refused to participate in the survey.
Chi squared test for proportions; t test for continuous variables.
Due to small cell sizes, categories of Hispanic, Black, Asian, and Other were collapsed into one category before statistical testing.
Due to small cell sizes, categories of parent, child and sibling were collapsed to reflect “first degree relatives,” and categories of other biologic relative and other nonbiologic relative were collapsed to reflect “other relatives” before statistical testing.
Sample sizes on a center-by-center basis are too small to permit separate analyses; centers are grouped by region. Experience in living donation, i.e., year of inception of center programs and number of living donors contributed to the present study, are included in parentheses following each center: centers in the East included Columbia University (1998, 24), Lahey Clinic and Medical Center (1998, 108), University of Pennsylvania (1999, 11), and Virginia Commonwealth University (1998, 24); Centers in the Midwest included University of Pittsburgh (1999, 115), Northwestern University (1999, 37), and University of Toronto (2000, 151); Centers in the West included University of Colorado (1997, 29), and University of California at San Francisco (2000, 18).