Table 5.

OR and 95% CI for the association between road density and childhood acute leukemia.

	Cases	Controls	Unadjusted	Adjusted for Maternal Education	Adjusted for Urbanization and Maternal Education
	N	N	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Road Density within 750 m of Birth Residence^a
Overall
Low Exposure	171	568	Referent	Referent	Referent
High Exposure	136	445	1.01 (0.78, 1.31)	0.99 (0.77, 1.29)	0.99 (0.76, 1.29)
Males
Low Exposure	90	280	Referent	Referent	Referent
High Exposure	87	215	1.24 (0.84, 1.83)	1.16 (0.77, 1.73)	1.14 (0.76, 1.71)
Females
Low Exposure	81	288	Referent	Referent	Referent
High Exposure	49	230	0.93 (0.58, 1.49)	0.86 (0.53, 1.41)	0.86 (0.53, 1.41)
Road Density within 500 m of Birth Residence^a
Overall
Low Exposure	204	682	Referent	Referent	Referent
High Exposure	103	331	1.03 (0.79, 1.35)	1.01 (0.77, 1.33)	1.00 (0.76, 1.32)
Males
Low Exposure	110	346	Referent	Referent	Referent
High Exposure	67	149	1.39 (0.93, 2.10)	1.33 (0.88, 2.02)	1.31 (0.85, 1.99)
Females
Low Exposure	94	336	Referent	Referent	Referent
High Exposure	36	182	0.72 (0.43, 1.20)	0.64 (0.38, 1.09)	0.64 (0.37, 1.08)

High exposure: Both primary and secondary roads (with or without tertiary roads), primary roads only, both primary and tertiary roads, both secondary and tertiary roads within the specified buffer around the birth residence. Low exposure: Secondary roads only and tertiary roads only within the specified buffer around the birth residence.

OR=odds ratio, CI=confidence interval