Table 2.
Percentage of non-problem (NP) and at-risk (AR) gamblers who engage in each gambling form by gender
| F | M | NP | AR | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NP | AR | NP | AR | F | M | F | M | |
| N | 4228 | 179 | 4227 | 285 | 4228 | 4227 | 179 | 285 |
| Private betting | 2.2 | 4.5 | 7.8 | 21.8a | 2.2 | 7.8b | 4.5 | 21.8b |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4407) = 3.83, ns | χ2 (1, N = 4512) = 66.22, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.12 | χ2 (1, N = 8455) = 136.63, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.13 | χ2 (1, N = 464) = 25.64, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.24 | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 1.31, ns | |||||||
| EGMs | 33.8 | 86.6a | 35.3 | 78.6a | 33.8 | 35.3 | 86.6b | 78.6 |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4406) = 208.29, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.22 | χ2 (1, N = 4512) = 211.84, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.22 | χ2 (1, N = 8454) = 2.35, ns | χ2 (1, N = 464) = 4.70, p = 0.030, Φ = 0.10 | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 5.92, p = 0.015 | |||||||
| Table games | 3.2 | 6.7a | 10.8 | 36.1a | 3.2 | 10.8b | 6.7 | 36.1b |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4407) = 6.57, p = 0.010, Φ = 0.04 | χ2 (1, N = 4512) = 158.11, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.19 | χ2 (1, N = 8455) = 187.54, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.15 | χ2 (1, N = 464) = 51.11, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.33 | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 5.50, p = 0.019 | |||||||
| Horse/harness/greyhound racing | 21.4 | 22.9 | 34.0 | 49.5a | 21.4 | 34.0b | 22.9 | 49.5b |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4407) = 0.24, ns | χ2 (1, N = 4513) = 28.06, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.08 | χ2 (1, N = 8456) = 169.07, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.14 | χ2 (1, N = 464) = 32.56, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.27 | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 6.75, p = 0.009 | |||||||
| Betting on sports or event results | 2.6 | 3.9 | 9.9 | 25.4a | 2.6 | 9.9b | 3.9 | 25.4b |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4406) = 1.14, ns | χ2 (1, N = 4511) = 65.40, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.12 | χ2 (1, N = 8454) = 192.54, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.15 | χ2 (1, N = 463) = 35.67, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.28 | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 3.11, ns | |||||||
| Keno | 3.3 | 8.4a | 4.0 | 8.8a | 3.3 | 4.0 | 8.4 | 8.8 |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4407) = 12.80, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.05 | χ2 (1, N = 4512) = 14.57, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.06 | χ2 (1, N = 8455) = 2.82, ns | χ2 (1, N = 464) = 0.02, ns | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 0.15, ns | |||||||
| Lotto/powerball/pools | 75.3 | 70.9 | 73.1 | 75.8 | 75.3b | 73.1 | 70.9 | 75.8 |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4406) = 1.78, ns | χ2 (1, N = 4512) = 0.99, ns | χ2 (1, N = 8454) = 5.58, p = 0.018, Φ = 0.03 | χ2 (1, N = 464) = 1.34, ns | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 2.59, ns | |||||||
| Scratch tickets | 28.2 | 40.2a | 20.8 | 24.9 | 28.2b | 20.8 | 40.2b | 24.9 |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4406) = 12.03, p = 0.001, Φ = 0.05 | χ2 (1, N = 4513) = 2.73, ns | χ2 (1, N = 8455) = 63.51, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.09 | χ2 (1, N = 464) = 12.09, p = 0.001, Φ = 0.16 | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 2.05, ns | |||||||
| Bingo | 5.3 | 21.2a | 1.1 | 3.2a | 5.3b | 1.1 | 21.2b | 3.2 |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4407) = 77.95, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.13 | χ2 (1, N = 4511) = 9.19, p = 0.002, Φ = 0.05 | χ2 (1, N = 8455) = 119.39, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.12 | χ2 (1, N = 463) = 39.26, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.29 | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 1.28, ns | |||||||
| Phone or SMS competitions | 15.4 | 12.2 | 7.5 | 9.5 | 15.4b | 7.5 | 12.2 | 9.5 |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4407) = 1.35, ns | χ2 (1, N = 4512) = 1.40, ns | χ2 (1, N = 8454) = 128.36, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.12 | χ2 (1, N = 465) = 0.88, ns | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 2.91, ns | |||||||
| Raffles, sweeps and other competitions | 65.6a | 50.3 | 55.7a | 46.3 | 65.6b | 55.7 | 50.3 | 46.3 |
| Difference | χ2 (1, N = 4407) = 17.62, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.06 | χ2 (1, N = 4512) = 9.53, p = 0.002, Φ = 0.05 | χ2 (1, N = 8455) = 85.92, p < 0.001, Φ = 0.10 | χ2 (1, N = 464) = 0.69, ns | ||||
| Interaction | χ2 (1, N = 8919) = 1.63, ns | |||||||
aIndicates differences between non-problem and at-risk gamblers for each gender
bIndicates differences between each gender separately for non-problem and at-risk gamblers