Table 5.
Results for the predictors in the multivariate analysis for males
| Predictor | Level | B | Odds ratio | CI lower | CI upper |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bound | Bound | ||||
| Age (ref: 18–24) | |||||
| 25–34 | −0.09 | 0.92 | 0.56 | 1.51 | |
| 35–44 | −0.19 | 0.82 | 0.48 | 1.42 | |
| 45–54 | −0.37 | 0.69 | 0.39 | 1.23 | |
| 55–64 | −0.17 | 0.84 | 0.46 | 1.54 | |
| 65 or older | −1.34 | 0.26* | 0.13 | 0.55 | |
| Language other than English at home (ref: no) | |||||
| 0.84 | 2.32* | 1.61 | 3.35 | ||
| Education (ref: Year 10 or lower) | |||||
| University | −0.87 | 0.42* | 0.27 | 0.66 | |
| TAFE or trade qualification | −0.34 | 0.71 | 0.48 | 1.06 | |
| Year 12 | −0.46 | 0.63* | 0.42 | 0.94 | |
| Household type (ref: couple with children | |||||
| Couple without children | −0.19 | 0.83 | 0.55 | 1.25 | |
| Group household (not related) | 1.14 | 3.13* | 1.75 | 5.59 | |
| Other | 0.14 | 1.15 | 0.79 | 1.68 | |
| Employment status (ref: unemployed or not at work) | |||||
| Full-time employment | −1.09 | 0.34* | 0.21 | 0.53 | |
| Part-time employment | −0.51 | 0.60 | 0.35 | 1.02 | |
| Forms of gambling (ref: do not participate) | |||||
| Private betting | 0.29 | 1.34 | 0.87 | 2.06 | |
| EGMs | 1.66 | 5.25* | 3.77 | 7.31 | |
| Table games | 0.87 | 2.38* | 1.63 | 3.46 | |
| Horse/harness/greyhound | 0.45 | 1.56* | 1.13 | 2.16 | |
| Sports or events | 0.69 | 1.99* | 1.34 | 2.98 | |
| Keno | −0.16 | 0.85 | 0.47 | 1.55 | |
| Lotto/Powerball/Pools | 0.99 | 2.68* | 1.83 | 3.92 | |
| Scratch tickets | −0.26 | 0.78 | 0.54 | 1.11 | |
| Bingo | 0.54 | 1.71 | 0.51 | 5.76 | |
| Phone/SMS competitions | −0.07 | 0.94 | 0.57 | 1.54 | |
| Raffles, sweeps, etc. | −0.33 | 0.72* | 0.53 | 0.98 | |
| Main reason for gambling (ref: other) | |||||
| Social reasons | −0.62 | 0.54* | 0.34 | 0.86 | |
| To win money | −0.74 | 0.48* | 0.31 | 0.74 | |
| General entertainment | −0.72 | 0.49* | 0.30 | 0.78 | |
Asterisks (*) indicate significant predictors in the regression model. The statistics reported are B, Odds ratio (with asterisks indicating significant predictors) and the lower and upper bounds for the 95 % confidence interval for each predictor. Thus, a positive B indicates that the predictor is associated with at-risk gamblers (compared to the reference group) for that gender, whereas a negative B indicates that the predictor is associated with non-problem gamblers. Those who were excluded from the analyses due to missing data were compared to those who were included. There were some minor demographic and behavioural differences between the groups, but the effect sizes were small and most differences were in the order of 3 %, indicating that the differences were likely to be due to the large sample size. Thus, the missing data were not considered to be particularly problematic for this model