Table 5.

Case finding and referrals by zone

Practices	Overall N = 197		Zone 1 N = 71		Zone 2 N = 126		P value
	n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)
Ways in which VMW/MMW find malaria cases in their villages
Conduct home visits	157	79.7	61	85.9	96	76.2	0.103
Malaria suspects know me and come to my house	154	78.2	52	73.2	102	80.1	0.208
Other people refer them	105	53.3	41	57.8	64	50.8	0.348
Conduct health education activities	100	50.8	39	54.9	61	48.4	0.38
During campaigns conducted by NGOs	2	1.0	0	0.0	2	1.6	0.286
Other	4	2.0	0	0.0	4	3.17	0.129
Refer malaria cases to the health centre or hospital
Yes	148	75.1	50	70.4	98	77.8	0.404
No	49	24.9	21	29.6	28	22.2
Who gets referred
Severe malaria cases	122	82.4	41	82.0	81	82.7	0.921
Pregnant women	47	31.8	21	42.0	26	26.5	0.056
The elderly	44	29.7	15	30.0	29	29.6	0.959
Children under five	37	25.0	17	34.0	20	20.4	0.071
Patients who’s life is at risk	28	18.9	11	22.0	17	17.4	0.494
Othera	30	20.3	7	14.0	23	33.5	0.175
Barriers faced when referring severe malaria to the HC
Lack of transportation	130	87.8	45	90.0	85	86.7	0.565
Long distance	98	66.2	34	68.0	64	65.3	0.743
Lack of money	67	42.3	18	36.0	49	50.0	0.106
The patient disagrees	29	19.6	13	26.0	16	16.3	0.161
Lack of understanding of severity of disease	17	11.5	6	12.0	11	11.2	0.889
Treatment with other providers	10	6.8	2	4.0	8	8.2	0.34
Self-treatment	5	3.4	1	2.0	4	4.1	0.507
Otherb	4	2.7	0	0.0	4	4.1	0.148

^aOther includes: patient with multiple illnesses, patient with negative blood test, not malaria cases. Patients also get referred when there is blood test error and VMWs and MMWs medicine is out of stock

^bOther includes: medicine was out of stock, negative blood test, never have barriers, and never have problems