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. 2016 May 20;17:11. doi: 10.1186/s12865-016-0149-9

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© Genser et al. 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Conceptual model: The figure visualizes current immunological concepts underlying atopic diseases and allergy. First, immuno-stimulating factors, e.g. infections or exposure to dust mite excretion or to helminths exert differential effects on Th1-, Th2 or TReg responses. In concert these mechanisms are presumed to affect the Th1/Th2 balance considered to be a major determinant for regulation of specific IgE that is a predictor for a positive skin pricktest (SPT). Further downstream, the model assumes that T-Reg modifies the effect of Th1/Th2 balance on the regulation of specific IgE antibodies as well as the effect of specific IgE on positivity of skin pricktest (SPT)