Fig. 4.

The mean pharyngeal pumping rate recorded from the cut-head prepared from intact worms 5 and 60 min after removal from food. a The EPG recording configuration from the cut-head pharyngeal preparation. b The experimental protocol. c The basal pumping rate of daf-2(e1370) (n = 34) and N2 (n = 37) animals was not significantly different after 5-min off food. After being removed from food for 60 min, the pharyngeal pumping rate of N2 animals (n = 32) did not increase. Pharyngeal pumping rate was compared between N2 and daf-2(e1370) using an unpaired Student’s t-test