Table 5. Effect Sizes of the Intervention Among Randomized Trial Participants Overall and According to Pain Site.

	Overall (n = 205)			Back Pain (n = 121)			Knee or Hip Pain (n = 84)
	Intervention Change (SD)*	Control Change (SD)*	SES†	Intervention Change (SD)	Control Change (SD)	SES	Intervention Change (SD)	Control Change (SD)	SES
BPI severity	1.2 (2.3)	−0.0 (1.8)	0.56	1.2 (2.3)	0.07 (1.7)	0.54	1.2 (2.4)	−0.2 (2.1)	0.58
BPI interference	2.1 (2.9)	0.6 (2.0)	0.59	2.1 (3.1)	0.7 (1.8)	0.54	2.2 (2.7)	0.4 (2.4)	0.66
BPI total	1.8 (2.5)	0.4 (1.8)	0.64	1.8 (2.6)	0.5 (1.5)	0.60	1.8 (2.3)	0.2 (2.1)	0.69
PEG	2.0 (2.7)	0.6 (2.0)	0.58	2.0 (2.8)	0.7 (1.7)	0.54	2.0 (2.5)	0.4 (2.3)	0.65
CPG intensity	7.9 (22.4)	−0.5 (17.6)	0.41	9.1 (21.2)	0.0 (13.9)	0.49	6.1 (24.4)	−1.2 (21.8)	0.32
CPG disability	17.1 (31.3)	4.6 (24.2)	0.43	17.6 (29.9)	6.4 (20.7)	0.43	16.3 (33.7)	2.2 (28.5)	0.44
Roland disability	3.5 (5.4)	0.3 (3.4)	0.67	3.6 (5.3)	0.3 (3.2)	0.71	3.3 (5.6)	0.3 (3.6)	0.60
SF bodily pain	−12.1 (21.5)	−2.1 (17.0)	0.50	−13.2 (22.8)	−1.3 (17.1)	0.57	−10.5 (19.6)	−3.3 (17.0)	0.39

^*Change = baseline score – 12 month score.

^†SES = (Intervention group change – control group change)/SD of pooled change score.

BPI indicates brief pain inventory; CPG, chronic pain grade; SD, standard deviation; SF, Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36; SES, standardized effect size.