Table 2.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients and control subjects.
| Pre-HD (n = 25) | HD (n = 24) | Controls (n = 49) | Fisher's Exact Test; F-or T-Test | df | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHARACTERISTICS | ||||||
| Gender male/female | 16/9 | 13/11 | 29/20 | 0.39,−0.40,−0.68 | 72, 71, 47 | 0.69w, 0.69y, 0.49x |
| Age (years ± SD) | 37.44 ± 7.01 | 47.47 ± 14.76 | 42.41 ± 12.15 | 1.88,−1.68, −3.13 | 72, 71, 47 | 0.06w, 0.11y, 0.004xa |
| CAG repetition length | 43.28 ± 2.17 | 46.67 ± 6.95 | NA | −2.32 | 47 | 0.025a†† |
| MMSE | 27.82 ± 1.24 | 25.04 ± 3.30 | NA | 3.51 | 37 | 0.001b†† |
| UHDRS Motor | 6.48 ± 6.62 | 36.77 ± 13.30 | NA | −8.44 | 43 | 0.001a†† |
| UHDRS Cognitive | 257.80 ± 42.34 | 143.50 ± 51.36 | NA | 7.82 | 40 | 0.001 b†† |
| UHDRS Behavioral | 7.67 ± 7.84 | 18.41 ± 9.34 | NA | −4.07 | 41 | 0.001a†† |
| UHDRS Functional | 25 ± 0 | 18.05 ± 5.77 | NA | 5.77 | 43 | 0.001b†† |
| TFC | 13 ± 0 | 8.41 ± 2.23 | NA | 9.09 | 43 | 0.001b†† |
| Independence scale | 99.8 ± 1.04 | 78.18 ± 12.77 | NA | 8.09 | 43 | 0.001b†† |
| Disease Burden | 292.3 ± 87.52 | 458.63 ± 106.97 | NA | −5.50 | 47 | 0.001a†† |
Mean Values are reported with the standard deviation. HD, HD; Pre-HD, gene-positive, without motor symptoms; SD, Standard Deviation; df, degrees of freedom; CAG, trinucleotide repeat number; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; UHDRS, Unified HD Rating Scale; TFC, Total Functional Capacity; NA, not available;
Student's t-test, Bonferroni correction.
= Pre-HD vs. Controls.
= HD vs. Controls.
= Pre-HD vs. HD.
Pre-HD < HD (when it refers to age, a cognitive scale comparison or CAG repetition; higher punctuations mean greater impairment).
Pre-HD > HD (when it refers to a cognitive scale comparison; higher punctuations mean lesser impairment).
MMSE: Missing data for 5 Pre-HD subjects & 5 HD patients; UHDRS Motor: Missing data for 2 Pre-HD subjects & 2 HD patients; UHDRS Cognitive: Missing data for 5 Pre-HD subjects & 2 HD patients; UHDRS Behavioral: Missing data for 4 Pre-HD subjects & 2 HD patients; UHDRS Functional: Missing data for 2 Pre-HD subjects & 2 HD patients; TFC: Missing data for 2 Pre-HD subjects & 2 HD patients.