Table 1.
Excluded studies with rationale
| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Baniasadi et al. 2010 35 | Investigated the use of NAC in the prevention of DILI |
| Squires et al. 2013 36 | No evaluable data in patients with non‐paracetamol DILI |
| Mumtaz et al. 2009 11 | Not a prospective cohort study |
| Baniasadi et al. 2010 35 | |
| Methods | Randomized, open‐label trial |
| Participants | 60 patients with tuberculosis commencing antituberculous therapy |
| Interventions | Oral NAC for initial 2 weeks of antituberculous therapy vs. no NAC |
| Outcomes | Primary outcome was incidence of DILI, defined as: |
| 1. ALT/AST ≥ 5 times upper limit of normal | |
| 2. Raised serum total bilirubin >1.5 mg dl−1 | |
| 3. Any increase in AST and/or ALT above the pretreatment levels together with the hepatitis symptoms | |
| Reason for exclusion | Investigated the use of NAC in the prevention of DILI |
| Squires et al. 2013 36 | |
| Methods | Randomized, adaptive allocation, doubly mask, placebo‐controlled trial |
| Participants | 184 paediatric patients with non‐paracetamol ALF. |
| • ALF defined as biochemical evidence of acute liver injury and a liver‐based coagulopathy | |
| • DILI cases formed a subgroup of ALF cases | |
| • No description regarding diagnosis of DILI | |
| Interventions | Intravenous NAC or placebo infused for up to 7 days |
| Outcomes | Primary outcome was 1 year survival |
| Secondary outcomes included liver transplantation, survival without liver transplantation, length of hospital stay, maximum degree of hepatic encephalopathy and number of organ systems failing | |
| Reason for exclusion | No evaluable data in patients with non‐paracetamol DILI |
| Mumtaz et al. 2009 11 | |
| Methods | Retrospective cohort study |
| Participants | 91 patients with non‐paracetamol ALF |
| • ALF defined as rapid development of acute liver injury with impaired synthetic function and encephalopathy | |
| • DILI cases formed a subgroup of ALF cases | |
| • No description regarding diagnosis of DILI | |
| Interventions | Oral NAC vs. no NAC |
| Outcomes | Primary outcome was overall survival |
| Secondary outcomes included evaluation of factors related to survival and safety of NAC | |
| Reason for exclusion | Not a prospective cohort study |
ALF, acute liver failure; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; DILI, drug‐induced liver injury; NAC, N‐acetylcysteine.