Table 2.

Distribution of mean ADC in malignant and benign breast lesions, and healthy breast tissue of volunteers and cutoff ADC values using ROC analysis.

	Malignant (n = 259)	Benign (n = 67)	Healthy volunteers (n = 54)
ADC (×10−3 mm2/s) (mean ± SD)	1.02 ± 0.17	1.57 ± 0.26*	1.78 ± 0.13*#
ANCOVA
ADC (×10−3 mm2/s)	1.06 (1.04, 1.09)	1.61 (1.55, 1.68)*	1.83 (1.76, 1.89)*#
Adjusted mean (95% CI)@
	Malignant vs. benign	Malignant vs. healthy volunteers	Benign vs. healthy volunteers
Difference between means (95% CI)	0.55 (0.55, 0.56)	0.76 (0.76, 0.77)	0.21 (0.21, 0.22)
ROC analysis and ADC cutoff
	Malignant vs. benign	1.23 (sensitivity 92.5%; specificity 91.1%; AUC 0.96)
	Malignant vs. healthy	1.43 (sensitivity 100%; specificity 98.1%; AUC 0.99)
	Healthy vs. benign	1.69 (sensitivity 75.9%; specificity 74.6%; AUC 0.79)

^@Adjusted for age.

*Denotes P < 0.05 between benign vs. malignant; malignant vs. healthy volunteers.

^#Denotes P < 0.05 between benign vs. healthy volunteers.