Appendix III.

Methods Used to Define End Points in the Chinese American Eye Study

End Point	Method
Visual acuity	(a)Distance vision using ETDRS charts at 4 m (b)Near vision using the logarithmic Near Vision chart
Lens opacities	LOCS II grading at the slit lamp
Age-related macular degeneration	Masked grading of stereoscopic fundus photographs from 3 standard fields using a modification of the Wisconsin Age-Related macular degeneration Classification System
Diabetes	Determined by history of diabetes and undergoing treatment with oral hypoglycemic medications, insulin, or diet alone; or measurements of Hb A1c using the DCA 2000+ System (Bayer Corp., Tarrytown, NY)
Diabetic retinopathy	Masked grading of stereoscopic fundus photographs from 7 standard fields using a modified Airlie House classification scheme
Open-angle glaucoma	Determined by consensus between 3 glaucoma specialists from stereoscopic optic disc photographs, Humphrey automated visual fields (SITA Standard C24-2) and clinical history and examination
Angle-closure glaucoma	Determined by consensus between 3 glaucoma specialists from stereoscopic optic disc photographs, Humphrey automated visual fields (SITA Standard C24-2), Swept Source Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomograthy (AS-OCT), EyeCam, and clinical history and examination
Vision-related quality of life	NEI-VFQ-25
Health-related quality of life	Short Form 12-item Health Survey

ETDRS = Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study; Hb = hemoglobin; LOCS II = Lens Opacities Classification System II; NEI-VFQ-25 = 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire; SITA = Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm.