Fig. 2.

Schematic of the interleaved sequence, comprising a localized double quantum filter sequence for lactate detection and STEAM sequences for acquiring localized ³¹P and ¹H MR spectra. The DQF part is repeated m = 2 times before each ³¹P and ¹H STEAM acquisition to increase SNR of edited lactate. The ³¹P duty cycle is limited by the long T₁ relaxation time of phosphorus metabolites. For clarity, spoiler gradients, RF channels, gradient directions, and exact timings are not shown.