Table 3.
Published clinical data on viral vectors in the treatment of HNSCC.
| Phase | Technique | Target Gene | Virus | Dose | Biological Response | Clinical Response | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | Adenovirus | p53 | Ad-p53 | 1×1011 pfu | P53 expression detected | PR in 2, SD in 6, PD in 9 | 120 |
| II | Adenovirus + XRT | p53 | Ad-p53 | 1×1012 vp | - | Tumor reduction | 121 |
| II | Adenovirus + CRTX | p53 | INGN 201 (Ad-p53) | 1×1012 vp | - | 92% 1-year progression free survival | 96 |
| III | Adenovirus + CTX vs CTX | p53 | Ad-p53 | 1×1012 vp | Increased p53, Bax and decreased Bcl-2 | 82% RR with 48% CR | 97 |
| I | OV | TNF-α | TNFerad e™ Biologic | 4×1011 pfu | TNF-α expression in all biopsy specimens | 83.3% RR: CR in 5, PR in 5, SD in 2, PD in 3 | 117 |
| I | OV | - | ONYX-105 | 1×1011 pfu | - | No objective clinical response | 108 |
| I | OV | - | HSV1716 | 1×105 or 5×105 pfu | HSV DNA in tissue biopsy of 2 patients | - | 107 |
| II | OV | - | ONYX-015 | 2×1011 vp | PCR detected virus in 41% of patients 24 h after injection and 9% after 10 d in first cycle | Regimen 1 -SD in 41%, PD in 45% PR/CR in 14% PR/CR Regimen 2 – CR in 10%, SD in 62%, PD in 29% | 109 |
| II | OV + CTX | - | ONYX-015 | 1×1010 pfu | - | CR in 33%, PR in 33%, mR in 11%, SD in 22% | 110 |
| I | OV | GM-CSF | OncoVE XGM-CSF | 1×106 pfu | GM-CSF detected 48 h after injection; | SD in 3 of 17 | 115 |
| II | OV | GM-CSF | OncoVE XGM-CSF | 1×106 pfu/mL (up to 6 mL) | Seroconversion of all patients after injection | 26% RR; CR in 8 of 50, PR in 5 of 50 | 113 |
Abbreviations: OV, oncolytic virus; XRT, radiotherapy; CTX, chemotherapy; CRTX, chemoradiotherapy; pfu, plaque forming units; vp, viral particles; RR, response rate; CR, complete response; PR, partial response; mR, minor response; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease;