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Mechanisms predisposing to LVOTG induction. A: left ventricular hypertrophy, particularly basal septal segment (HCM, hypertension, and storage disease). B: LV hypercontractility (moderate tachycardia). C: small size LV cavity (HCM, children, women, dehydration). D: prolonged/thickened mitral leaflet(s). E: reduced LV preload (dehydration, diuretics, vasodilators, hemodialysis, fever, and septic shock).
