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. 2016 May 24;8:13. doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2016.00013

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Copyright © 2016 Reim, Weis, Halbedl, Delling, Grabrucker, Boeckers and Schmeisser.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Analysis of dendritic spines after ProSAPiP1 overexpression and knockdown in mature primary hippocampal neurons. (A,B) For spine analysis, neurons infected with Vector, GFP-ProSAPiP1, Scr or RNAi were additionally infected with RFP-tagged LifeAct visualizing F-actin on DIV24 and processed for analysis on DIV28. (A) Spine density and the percentage of filopodia were significantly decreased in neurons overexpressing GFP-ProSAPiP1 as indicated. (B) Spine density remained unchanged between Scr and RNAi while the percentage of mushroom-like spines was significantly decreased after knockdown of ProSAPiP1 as indicated. (A,B) IF, immunofluorescence; RM, reconstructed model. Scale bar: 10 μm. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired two-sided t-test. *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001. n = 15 neurons from three independent cultures.