Table 3.
Summary of key studies assessing post-traumatic stress after natural disasters
| Prevalence
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Sample type | Sample size (n) | T1a | % | T2 | % |
| 1989 Newcastle earthquake, Newcastle, Australia (28 December 1989) | ||||||
| Carr et al. (1995)b | Community | n=3007 in Newcastle | 6 months | 18.3% among highly exposed | ||
| Carr et al. (1997b)c | Community | n=845 in Newcastle | 6 months | 11% (low exposure), 19% (disruption), 23% (threat), 40 % (disruption and threat) | 2 years | 3% (low exposure), 8% (disruption), 13% (threat), 19% (disruption and threat) |
| 1998–1999 Floods, Hunan Province, China (1998–1999) | ||||||
| Liu et al. (2006)b | Community | n=33 340 | Within 2.5 years | 8.6% | ||
| 1999 Turkey earthquakes, Marmara region, Turkey (17 August 1999 and 12 November 1999) | ||||||
| Basoglu et al. (2004)b | Community | n=530 near epicenter, 420 from 100km away | 14 months | 23% (near epicenter), 14%(100km away) | ||
| Onder et al. (2006)b | Community | n=683 near epicenter | 36 months | 19.2% (36 month prevalence), 11.7% (current) | ||
| 1999 Mexican floods and mudslides, Mexico (October 1999) | ||||||
| Norris et al. (2004)c | Community | n=561 from two affected communities | 6 months | 24% | ||
| 2003 Wildfire disaster, Australia, 18 January 2003 | ||||||
| Parslow et al. (2006)c | Community | n=2085 | 3–18 months | 5% | ||
| 2004 Earthquake and tsunami, Asia (26 December 2004) | ||||||
| van Griensven et al. (2006)c | Community | n=371 displaced and 690 non-displaced from Phang Nga, Krabi, and Phuket provinces of Southern Thailand | 2 months | 11.9% (displaced in Phang Nga), 6.8% (non-displaced in Phang Nga), 3.0% (non-displaced in Krabi and Phuket) | 9 months | 7.0% (displaced in Phang Nga), 2.3% (non-displaced in Phang Nga) |
a
Timing of assessment(s) after the disaster.
b
Cross-sectional study design.
c
Prospective cohort study design