Table 4.

Selected factors and adjusted odds ratios for postoperative pulmonary complications

	OR (95 % CI)	p value
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	16.77 (2.56–109.88)	0.003
Cancer operation	5.13 (0.41–62.5)	0.205
Nasogastric tube	2.15 (0.33–4.01)	0.411
Duration of surgery	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.007
Elective critical care admission	4.45 (0.45–43.75)	0.200
Analgesia use in the first 24 h
Epidural	Reference
Patient controlled analgesia	0.83 (0.05–15.26)	0.898
Wound catheter	3.05 (0.40–22.98)	0.279
Oral analgesia only	2.56 (0.23–10.54)	0.636
Change in analgesia strategy in the first 24 h	0.24 (0.02–2.70)	0.247
Incentive spirometer	2.93 (0.12–23.83)	0.782