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. 2016 Mar 30;6:23671. doi: 10.1038/srep23671

Figure 2. The barrier-protecting effect of forskolin was reliably detected by all systems.

Figure 2

HMECs were treated with forskolin (10 μM) for 30 min (time point −0.5 h) and subsequently exposed to TRAP (50 μM). The time courses of compound-induced alterations of normalized CI levels (A) and normalized impedance values (B) have been normalized to control conditions. The bar graphs summarize changes in CI (A) or normalized impedance values (B) after normalization to untreated controls for all experiments at the time points indicated in A and B by black arrows (1: TRAP addition; 2: maximum effect of TRAP; 3: after 3.5 h). (C) Macromolecular permeability of FITC-dextran (40 kDa) across an HMEC cell layer was measured with a Transwell® two-compartment system. Samples were taken from the lower compartment at indicated time points. All experiments were performed independently at least three times. The results are depicted as normalized FITC-dextran concentrations or as absolute permeability (reference time point was 60 min in each case). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P ≤ 0.05 (one-way ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls post-hoc test).