Table 1. Cryptosporidium positivity (by EIA) in cases and controls by age, site, and severity of diarrhea.
| Basse, The Gambia | Bamako, Mali | Manhiça, Mozambique | Siaya County, Kenya | Kolkata, India | Mirzapur, Bangladesh | Karachi, Pakistan | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSD | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls |
| Total number (age 0–11 months) | 520 | 783 | 961 | 961 | 439 | 883 | 829 | 896 | 878 | 892 | 672 | 1122 | 788 | 788 |
| Cryptosporidium (%) | 16.0 | 6.3* | 16.6 | 6.9* | 19.8 | 8.8* | 14.4 | 5.8* | 15.3 | 6.7* | 8.2 | 3.4* | 14.1 | 9.1* |
| Total number (age 12–23 months) | 609 | 894 | 911 | 924 | 237 | 517 | 491 | 808 | 752 | 778 | 579 | 967 | 512 | 902 |
| Cryptosporidium (%) | 12.3 | 5.0* | 9.4 | 6.9* | 16.5 | 9.9* | 11.0 | 4.8* | 14.4 | 8.2* | 6.0 | 3.3* | 10.9 | 5.7* |
| Total number (age 24–59 months) | 243 | 503 | 845 | 863 | 137 | 279 | 458 | 744 | 477 | 923 | 463 | 1111 | 298 | 745 |
| Cryptosporidium (%) | 3.7 | 2.2 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 4.8 | 1.7* | 9.6 | 12.0 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 3.2 |
| LSD | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls |
| Total number (age 0–11 months) | 220 | 259 | 236 | 236 | 155 | 154 | NA | NA | 213 | 213 | 183 | 366 | 227 | 228 |
| Cryptosporidium (%) | 13.6 | 5.4* | 9.3 | 6.8 | 16.1 | 10.4 | 7.5 | 1.9* | 4.4 | 1.9 | 9.3 | 3.1* | ||
| Total number (age 12–23 months) | 202 | 273 | 226 | 227 | 175 | 175 | NA | NA | 180 | 194 | 148 | 296 | 171 | 309 |
| Cryptosporidium (%) | 11.9 | 4.8* | 11.1 | 5.7* | 15.4 | 6.3* | 5.6 | 1.0* | 3.4 | 2.0 | 10.5 | 6.8 | ||
| Total number (age 24–59 months) | 135 | 250 | 230 | 230 | 101 | 101 | NA | NA | 181 | 187 | 83 | 248 | 108 | 288 |
| Cryptosporidium (%) | 7.4 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 2.6 | 9.9 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 2.0 | 5.6 | 1.4* | ||
* P < 0.05 for the difference between cases and controls, as obtained in unadjusted conditional logistic regression models.
MSD: moderate-to-severe diarrhea, LSD: less severe diarrhea, EIA: enzyme immune assay, NA: not applicable, the Kenyan site did not enroll LSD cases in the GEMS-1A component