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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biotechnol Adv. 2015 Dec 23;34(4):422–434. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.011

Figure 3. Bioprinting strategies for vascularization.

Figure 3

(A) Fabrication of long (> 1 meter) vascular conduits using a coaxial nozzle system yielding internal lumen diameters below 1 mm (Dolati et al. 2014). (B) Pluronic F127 as a sacrificial bioink to form open lumens (red) while concurrently printing encapsulated cells around the vessels (green) (Kolesky et al. 2014). (C) Carbohydrate glass to cast vascular features into a variety of hydrogels, forming perfusable vessels that support cell growth (Miller et al. 2012). Figure adapted from (Miller et al. 2012; Dolati et al. 2014; Kolesky et al. 2014).