Table 1.
Zone of inhibition of the different C. macrostachyus extracts against selected human pathogens.
| Pathogen | Zone of inhibition | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extract | Antibiotic | ||||
| 1MeOH | 2EtOAc | 3BuOH | A | B | |
| Escherichia coli | 9.0 ± 1.1 | 12.2 ± 1.6 | 13.7 ± 1.4 | 20.1 ± 0.9 | 16.2 ± 0.8 |
| Salmonella typhi | 2.3 ± 1.87 | 16.0 ± 1.2 | 8.3 ± 1.5 | 22.1 ± 0.9 | 20.8 ± 0.8 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 14.9 ± 1.3 | 10.7 ± 1.0 | 11.1 ± 1.9 | 19.7 ± 0.5 | 17.3 ± 0.9 |
| Enterobacter aerogenes | 10.8 ± 1.1 | 10.1 ± 0.6 | 10.8 ± 1.2 | 21.3 ± 0.5 | 18.6 ± 0.5 |
| Listeria monocytogenes | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 11.7 ± 1.3 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 21.0 ± 0.8 | 18.3 ± 0.5 |
| Candida albicans | 12.0 ± 1.4 | 5.6 ± 1.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 21.5 ± 0.7 | 13.4 ± 0.7 |
1MeOH, methanol extract.
2EtOAc, ethyl acetate extract.
3BuOH, isobutanol extract.
Zone of inhibition (diameter in mm) including diameter of the well (6 mm). The experiments were carried out using triplicate samples. The results are from three independent analyses and are the mean of 9 values (n = 9).
In negative control DMSO no inhibition was found.
For E. coli, S. typhi, K. pneumoniae, and E. aerogenes antibiotic A was amoxicillin and antibiotic B was ciprofloxacin.
For L. monocytogenes antibiotic control A was ampicillin and antibiotic control B was benzylpenicillin.
For C. albicans antibiotic control A was clotrimazole and antibiotic control B was cefotaxime.