TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics stratified by patients with and without DDI evaluated during the index hospitalization
| Characteristic | Value(s) for: |
P valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (n = 6,962) | Patients with DDIs (n = 6,101) | Non-DDI patients (n = 861) | ||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Mean ± SD age (yr) | 57.2 ± 16.9 | 57.4 ± 17.0 | 55.5 ± 16.2 | 0.0003 |
| No. (%) of patients aged: | ||||
| 18–64 yr | 4,405 (63.3) | 3,802 (62.3) | 603 (70.0) | <.0001 |
| 65+ yr | 2,557 (36.7) | 2,299 (37.7) | 258 (30.0) | <.0001 |
| No. (%) of male patients | 3,829 (55.0) | 3,330 (54.6) | 499 (58.0) | 0.0624 |
| No. (%) of patients of the following race: | ||||
| Caucasian | 5,103 (73.3) | 4,516 (74.0) | 587 (68.2) | 0.0003 |
| African American | 1,385 (19.9) | 1,159 (19.0) | 226 (26.2) | <.0001 |
| Hispanic | 113 (1.6) | 100 (1.6) | 13 (1.5) | 0.7788 |
| Other | 272 (3.9) | 244 (4.0) | 28 (3.3) | 0.2894 |
| Unknown | 89 (1.3) | 82 (1.3) | 7 (0.8) | 0.1941 |
| Hospital characteristics | ||||
| No. (%) of patients in hospitals with the following bed sizes: | ||||
| <99 | 259 (3.7) | 242 (4.0) | 17 (2.0) | 0.0038 |
| 100–199 | 372 (5.3) | 332 (5.4) | 40 (4.6) | 0.3310 |
| 200–299 | 938 (13.5) | 822 (13.5) | 116 (13.5) | 0.9997 |
| 300–499 | 2,637 (37.9) | 2,422 (39.7) | 215 (25.0) | <.0001 |
| 500+ | 2,756 (39.6) | 2,283 (37.4) | 473 (54.9) | <.0001 |
| No. (%) of patients in hospitals within a teaching facility | 5,792 (83.2) | 5,039 (82.6) | 753 (87.5) | 0.0004 |
| No. (%) of patients in hospitals in urban areas | 6,961 (100.0) | 6,100 (100.0) | 861 (100.0) | 1.0000 |
| Treatment characteristics | ||||
| No. (%) of patients receiving the following type of index triazole: | ||||
| Itraconazole | 1,794 (25.8) | 1,545 (25.3) | 249 (28.9) | 0.0239 |
| Posaconazole | 417 (6.0) | 386 (6.3) | 31 (3.6) | 0.0016 |
| Voriconazole | 4,751 (68.2) | 4,170 (68.3) | 581 (67.5) | 0.6078 |
| No. (%) of patients receiving the following type of formulation | ||||
| Oral | 5,092 (73.1) | 4,494 (73.7) | 598 (69.5) | 0.0091 |
| Intravenous | 1,484 (21.3) | 1,289 (21.1) | 195 (22.6) | 0.3078 |
| Unknown and other | 386 (5.5) | 318 (5.2) | 68 (7.9) | 0.0013 |
| Mean ± SD no. of days from admission to triazole initiation | 7.8 ± 16.4 | 7.5 ± 14.8 | 9.8 ± 24.7 | <.0001 |
| No. (%) of patients with the following no. of days from admission to triazole initiation | ||||
| <1 | 2,294 (33.0) | 2,069 (33.9) | 225 (26.1) | <.0001 |
| 1–10 | 2,920 (41.9) | 2,540 (41.6) | 380 (44.1) | 0.1637 |
| ≥10 | 1,748 (25.1) | 1,492 (24.5) | 256 (29.7) | 0.0008 |
| No. (%) of patients with emergent/urgent hospital admission | 1,030 (14.8) | 932 (15.3) | 98 (11.4) | 0.0026 |
| Prevalent and relevant disease conditions, identified by ICD-9 codes | ||||
| No. (%) of patients with a diagnosis ofb: | 5,426 (77.9) | 4,750 (77.9) | 676 (78.5) | |
| Respiratory complications | 2,561 (47.2) | 2,256 (47.5) | 305 (45.1) | 0.2469 |
| Anemia | 1,715 (31.6) | 1,515 (31.9) | 200 (29.6) | 0.2270 |
| Hematologic malignancies | 1,606 (29.6) | 1,449 (30.5) | 157 (23.2) | 0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 1,295 (23.9) | 1,150 (24.2) | 145 (21.4) | 0.1151 |
| Sepsis | 1,321 (24.3) | 1,138 (24.0) | 183 (27.1) | 0.0776 |
| Acute kidney failure | 1,209 (22.3) | 1,053 (22.2) | 156 (23.1) | 0.5954 |
| IFIc | ||||
| Any IFI | 2,549 (36.6) | 2,237 (36.7) | 312 (36.2) | 0.8067 |
| Invasive candidiasis | 1,423 (20.4) | 1,245 (20.4) | 178 (20.7) | 0.8556 |
| Aspergillosis | 785 (11.3) | 710 (11.6) | 75 (8.7) | 0.0110 |
| Other and unspecified mycoses | 274 (3.9) | 242 (4.0) | 32 (3.7) | 0.7240 |
| Histoplasmosis | 248 (3.6) | 210 (3.4) | 38 (4.4) | 0.1500 |
| Blastomycosis | 55 (0.8) | 42 (0.7) | 13 (1.5) | 0.0108 |
a
P values comparing the DDI and non-DDI cohorts.
b
Proportion reported among patients for whom diagnosis information is available.
c
IFI, invasive fungal infection.