Figure 4. Vaccine decreases Campylobacter species to original levels and does not alter the global microbial community in the Leghorn gut.

(A) NMDS ordination plot of cecal bacterial communities based on the Bray-Curtis distance metric. Colonization by C. jejuni (positive group) causes a shift in the global microbial composition of the Leghorn gut, while the bacterial community structure in vaccinated birds resembles that of birds from the negative control group. (B) Vaccine treatment causes no changes in alpha diversity as measured by the Simpson index of diversity. (C) Composition of the cecal bacterial community at phylum, family, genus, and species (OTU) level.