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. 2016 May 25;6:26687. doi: 10.1038/srep26687

Figure 3. Fabrication of hornworm-like hybrid muscle.

Figure 3

(a) Schematic illustration of the procedures for fabrication of the hybrid muscle using a PTFE mold. A window frame patterned PTFE mold was mounted on a PEDOT/MWCNT sheet and C2C12 cells were seeded in the open window regions of the mold. After 7 days of differentiation, the mold was removed and then the hornworm-like hybrid muscle was actuated by EFS. (b) A transmission electron microscope image shows myotube-free (left) and myotube regions (right). Confocal microscope images of the cells located in the dashed squares in (b) are presented in (c–e) (scale bar: 200 μm). (c) The PTFE mold separates the two regions and poorly-aligned myotubes are abundant at around the boundary region (yellow dashed line). (d,e) No myotube are observed in (d), but the well-aligned myotubes are plentiful in region (e). Transmission microscope images are inserted on the left of the confocal microscope images (Scale bar: 50 μm). Confocal image scale bars: 100 μm in (c); 25 μm in (d,e).