Table 2.
Select hypoxia-regulated lncRNAs
| Study | lncRNA | Regulation | HIF dependent | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yang (2013) | lncRNA-LET | Down | No—deacetylation of promoter | Downregulation leads to stabilization of nuclear factor 90 protein and cancer cell invasion |
| Thrash-Bingham (1999), Bertozzi (2011), Choudhry (2014), Chen (2015) | HIF1A-AS | Up | Yes—direct | Downregulates HIF1A mRNA |
| Matouk (2007, 2010) | H19 | Up | Yes | EMT, cell migration and angiogenesis |
| Ferdin (2013) | HINCUTS | Up | Yes—direct | Promotes hypoxic cell proliferation |
| Yang (2014) | lncRNA-p21 | Up | Yes | Promotes hypoxic glycolysis |
| Wang (2014) | lncRNA-AK058003 | Up | Regulates SNCG in cis by demethylating its promoter and promotes hypoxia-induced metastasis | |
| Xue (2014) | lncRNA-UCA1 | Up | Yes—direct | Induces cell proliferation, migration and invasion and reduces apoptosis |
| Takahashi (2014) | linc-RoR | Up | Not known | Promotes HIF1A mRNA expression |
| Choudhry (2014), Michalik (2014) | MALAT1 | Up | Yes—direct | Affects splicing patterns of alternative exons and promotes cellular proliferation, tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis |
| Gomez-Maldonado (2015) | lncRNA-EFNA3 | Up | Yes—direct | Downregulates EFNA3, possibly by competing for miR-210 |
| Zhou (2015) | HOTAIR | Up | Yes—direct | Enhances hypoxic cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion |
| Choudhry (2014, 2015) | NEAT1 | Up | Yes—direct | Induces nuclear paraspeckle formation, leading to cancer cell survival |