Fig. 2.

Electrical and mechanical characteristics of the stretchable optoelectronics systems. (a) and (b) Strain distributions in the stretchable antenna (left), its scattering coefficient S₁₁ (middle), and corresponding optical output power (right) for strain applied in the horizontal (28 %) and vertical directions (30 %) (blue solid), respectively, and for the undeformed (0 %) configuration (red dashed). (c) In vivo monitoring of the temperature of a mouse at the location of an implanted device using infrared imaging, during device operation. (d) Measurements of optical output power from devices operating in saline of immersion at temperatures of 37 °C, 60 °C and 90 °C as a function of time. (e) Measurements of optical output power from devices subjected to cyclical application of strain with magnitudes between 5 % and 20 %. (f) Schematic illustration of the TX system and an experimental assay with computed SAR distributions on a mouse mesh body. Multiple antennas lie in the XY plane, placed below the assay. (g) Simultaneous operation of devices implanted into multiple animals in the same cage (30 × 30 cm). (h) Image of a mouse while running on a wheel with a device interfaced to the sciatic nerve. (i) and (j) Long-exposure pictures of continuous activation of LED devices manually moved through the enclosure.