Table 1. Summary data for measurements and morphology of diphyllobothriidean egg samples from naturally and experimentally infected hosts.
| Species | Definitive host | Locality | No.1 | Range (mean) [μm] | No.2 | Pits3 | Code of samples4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adenocephalus | Arctocephalus pusillus | Australia | 26 | 46–54 × 36–42 (50 × 39) | 3 | – | IPCAS-AU 11 |
| pacificus | Arctophoca australis | Argentina | 25 | 49–54 × 39–43 (53 × 41) | 5 | 80–87 | IPCAS-ARG 28 |
| Callorhinus ursinus | USA, Alaska | 25 | 50–62 × 40–48 (55 × 44) | 2 | 46 | IPCAS-SAM 0–17 | |
| 25 | 49–57 × 39–45 (54 × 43) | 1 | 66 | IPCAS-SAM 6–51 | |||
| 25 | 51–60 × 39–47 (55 × 43) | – | IPCAS-SAM 7–64 | ||||
| Canis mesomelas | South Africa | 25 | 54–59 × 40–45 (57 × 42) | 3 | 72–124 | BMNH-1988.5.13.1–28 | |
| Homo sapiens | Peru | 25 | 43–51 × 35–42 (48 × 40) | 5 | 34–71 | IPCAS-TS 05/16 | |
| 25 | 47–55 × 37–44 (51 × 41) | 7 | – | IPCAS-TS 06/27 | |||
| Neophoca cinerea | Australia | 24 | 41–57 × 40–48 (52 × 43) | 4 | 79 | IPCAS-AU 10 | |
| Otaria flavescens | Peru | 25 | 52–57 × 37–44 (55 × 41) | 6 | 31–73 | IPCAS-Peru 9 | |
| Diphyllobothrium | Neomonachus | USA, Hawaii | 75 | 41–56 × 33–45 (47 × 39) | 3 | 151–169 | IPCAS-KEI 8–3 |
| cf. cameroni | schauinslandi | 25 | 45–52 × 36–41 (49 × 39) | 6 | 99–127 | USNPC-26205 | |
| Diphyllobothrium | Canis familiaris | Greenland | 25 | 60–67 × 40–45 (63 × 42) | 4 | 189–226 | NHMD-DAN 26 |
| cordatum | 25 | 64–69 × 40–43 (67 × 42) | 5 | 163–177 | NHMD-DAN 28A | ||
| 25 | 71–79 × 45–53 (75 × 49) | 4 | 98–150 | NHMD-DAN 28B | |||
| 25 | 61–69 × 40–44 (65 × 43) | 3 | 89–113 | NHMD-DAN 29 | |||
| Erignathus barbatus | Greenland | 25 | 67–76 × 46–50 (72 × 48) | – | – | ZMUO-6 | |
| 25 | 70–78 × 46–50 (74 × 49) | 3 | 103–163 | NHMD-DAN 13A | |||
| 25 | 72–78 × 44–49 (76 × 47) | – | – | NHMD-DAN 13B | |||
| USA, Alaska | 50 | 65–78 × 43–54 (71 × 48) | 1 | 172–194 | IPCAS-PBI 429 | ||
| Odobenus rosmarus | Greenland | 25 | 70–76 × 41–48 (73 × 44) | 3 | 179–244 | NHMD-DAN 2 | |
| Russia, Bering Sea | 25 | 66–77 × 47–53 (71 × 50) | 3 | 140–177 | IPCAS-TS 05/47 | ||
| Russia, Chukotka | 25 | 65–75 × 46–52 (70 × 49) | 5 | 187–211 | IPCAS-TS 04/27 | ||
| Diphyllobothrium | Canis familiaris | Russia | 25 | 57–63 × 38–45 (60 × 40) | 5 | 0 | IPCAS-TS 04/39 |
| dendriticum | Larus hyperboreus | USA, Kansas | 25 | 53–66 × 38–43 (59 × 40) | 1 | 0 | IPCAS-KS-6 |
| Mesocricetus auratus5 | Norway | 74 | 49–64 × 37–49 (58 × 41) | 4 | 0 | ZMUO-437 | |
| Diphyllobothrium | Monachus monachus | Italy | 25 | 59–63 × 44–47 (61 × 45) | 6 | 97–109 | NHMD-DAN 15 |
| hians | 50 | 45–65 × 35–50 (59 × 46) | – | – | IPCAS-ITA 140 | ||
| Diphyllobothrium | Canis familiaris | Russia | 25 | 61–68 × 44–48 (65 × 45) | 7 | 0 | IPCAS-S 04/17 |
| latum | Canis lupus | Switzerland | 25 | 60–65 × 42–46 (63 × 44) | 4 | 0 | MHNG-56104 |
| Homo sapiens | Australia | 25 | 66–73 × 49–53 (70 × 50) | 3 | 0 | QM-GL 12348 | |
| Chile | 25 | 65–73 × 48–53 (70 × 51) | 4 | 0 | IPCAS-Chile 1a 2012 | ||
| 25 | 67–74 × 46–52 (71 × 50) | 3 | 0 | IPCAS-Chile 1b 2014 | |||
| Czech Republic | 25 | 61–66 × 44–48 (64 × 46) | 5 | 0 | IPCAS-CZ 78 | ||
| Italy | 274 | 60–81 × 43–57 (70 × 50) | – | – | IPCAS-CZ 79a | ||
| 141 | 62–76 × 47–58 (69 × 51) | 13 | 0 | IPCAS-CZ 79b | |||
| Norway | 25 | 60–66 × 43–49 (63 × 47) | 5 | 0 | ZMUO-C 1508 | ||
| 25 | 62–71 × 44–51 (68 × 48) | – | – | ZMUO-C 1513 | |||
| 25 | 60–65 × 40–46 (62 × 44) | – | – | ZMUO-C 1515 | |||
| 25 | 61–68 × 43–48 (65 × 45) | 3 | 0 | ZMUO-C 1517 | |||
| Russia | 25 | 62–70 × 45–50 (65 × 47) | – | – | IPCAS-CZ 86 | ||
| 25 | 64–69 × 47–51 (66 × 48) | – | – | IPCAS-RUS 106 | |||
| Switzerland | 25 | 68–76 × 49–54 (72 × 51) | 4 | 0 | MHNG-38373 | ||
| Mesocricetus auratus5 | Italy | 50 | 57–68 x 43–49 (63 x 46) | – | – | IPCAS CZ 79 Ha | |
| Norway | 25 | 57–62 x 40–43 (59 x 41) | – | – | ZMUO 10 | ||
| 25 | 51–58 x 39–44 (55 x 42) | – | – | ZMUO 2 | |||
| 23 | 54–65 x 39–45 (59 x 42) | 7 | 0 | ZMUO 7A | |||
| Switzerland | 25 | 61–69 x 42–50 (65 x 46) | 4 | 0 | MHNG-17860 | ||
| Ursus maritimus | Austria (ZOO) | 25 | 66–74 × 46–52 (70 × 49) | 3 | 0 | NMW-20045 | |
| Diphyllobothrium | Homo sapiens | Japan | 25 | 59–64 × 40–43 (62 × 42) | 3 | 0 | IPCAS-2010-67 |
| nihonkaiense | 25 | 59–66 × 41–44 (62 × 42) | 7 | 0 | IPCAS-2010-67-E | ||
| 25 | 60–66 × 39–45 (63 × 42) | 6 | 0 | IPCAS-2013-16 | |||
| 25 | 59–66 × 38–44 (62 × 41) | – | – | IPCAS-2013-52 | |||
| 25 | 58–66 × 41–44 (61 × 43) | – | – | IPCAS-2014-01 | |||
| 25 | 60–67 × 40–48 (63 × 44) | – | – | IPCAS-2014-63 | |||
| 25 | 63–68 × 40–48 (65 × 44) | 2 | 0 | IPCAS-Dn 2014–1 | |||
| 25 | 61–69 × 40–48 (65 × 44) | – | – | IPCAS-Dn 2014–2E | |||
| 25 | 60–63 × 39–43 (61 × 40) | 2 | 0 | IPCAS-Dn 2014–2S | |||
| 21 | 55–66 × 44–47 (61 × 46) | 3 | 0 | IPCAS-Dn1 | |||
| Diphyllobothrium | Lagenorhynchus acutus | USA, Mississippi | 25 | 53–64 × 41–48 (60 × 46) | 4 | 78–92 | IPCAS-TS 09/101 |
| stemmacephalum | Phocoena | Ukraine, Black Sea | 25 | 63–70 × 44–47 (67 × 46) | – | – | GenBank-DQ768191 |
| Tursiops truncatus | USA, Massachusetts | 24 | 64–70 × 40–50 (66 × 47) | – | – | IPCAS-USA 21 | |
| TOTAL: | 62 samples (56 analyzed) | 2,082 (1,860 analyzed) | 184 | ||||
1Number of eggs measured
2Number of eggs observed by scanning electron microscopy
3Number of pits per 100 μm2
4Deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, UK (BMNH), Institute of Parasitology, CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic (IPCAS), Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland (MHNG), Statens Naturhistoriske Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark (NHMD), Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria (NMW), Queensland Museum, Australia (QM), United States National Parasite Collection, Beltsville, Maryland, USA (USNPC), Zoological Museum, University of Oslo, Norway (ZMUO)
5Experimentally infected atypical host–golden hamster; not used in statistical analysis.