TABLE 1—

Characteristics of 532 Intersections in New York City Included in This Study as Depicted in Google Street View Imagery: 2007–2011

			Frequency of Characteristic, %
Characteristic	Estimated Pedestrian Count,a Geometric Mean, (Geometric SD)	Kappa Score	All (n = 532)	Any Collisionb (n = 291)
Crosswalk presence		0.83
None	1.2 (4.0)		24	12
Connecting some corners	2.3 (2.2)		25	22
Connecting all corners	3.9 (2.1)		48	65
N/Ac			3	1
Curb cuts		0.48
Present	2.7 (2.5)		91	96
Not present	1.7 (4.0)		5	3
No sidewalk	0.2 (8.8)		4	1
Visible billboards		0.75
None	2.3 (3.1)		89	84
≥ 1	3.6 (2.3)		11	16
Sidewalk condition		0.40d
Good	3.2 (2.5)		29	29
Fair	2.7 (2.6)		46	49
Poor	2.0 (2.4)		17	16
Under repair	7.5 (1.9)		2	2
Road condition		0.51d
Poor	3.0 (3.1)		13	12
Fair	2.5 (3.1)		62	62
Good	2.3 (3.2)		24	25
Under repair	3.4 (1.6)		1	1
Pedestrian signal		1.00
Not present	1.7 (3.4)		55	36
Present	3.9 (2.1)		45	64
Traffic island		0.52
Not present	2.4 (3.0)		87	80
Present	3.0 (3.1)		13	20
Traffic calming		0.37
Not present	2.5 (3.0)		98	98
Present	2.5 (4.0)		2	2
Bus stop		0.70
Not present	2.4 (3.1)		89	84
Present	3.0 (2.2)		11	16

^aEstimated pedestrian count as observed over a 10-minute period either between 10:00 and noon or 1:30 and 3:30 in the afternoon.

^bIntersections at which 1 or more injuries or fatalities occurred.

^cN/A indicates intersections where no crosswalk may be expected, such as at a freeway onramp where pedestrian barriers block access to the roadway.

^dWeighted κ used for ordinal measures.