Table 2. Target supplementations of vitamins and minerals (mg kg-1) from the premix in the two experimental diets (unsupplemented Diet U and supplemented Diet S), respective analyzed feed values, present nutrient requirements from the NRC (2011), and significant changes in respective tissue status between the dietary groups.
Supplemented | Analyzed | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Micronutrient Method | Diet U | Diet S | Diet U | Diet S | NRC 2011*) | Analyzed tissue | Difference in body status**) |
Vitamins | |||||||
Vitamin E [49] | 0 | 100 | 44 | 103 | 50 | Liver | 3.9 |
Vitamin K3 (MD) [50] | 0 | 10 | 0.2 | 1.2 | R | Liver | ns***) |
Thiamin (B1) [51] | 0 | 10 | 3 | 10 | 1 | Muscle | ns |
Riboflavin (B2) [52] | 0 | 12 | 5 | 14 | 4 | Muscle | ns |
Niacin [53] | 0 | 30 | 54 | 86 | 10 | Muscle | ns |
Pantothenic acid [53] | 0 | 40 | 6 | 36 | 20 | Muscle | 3.3 |
Pyridoxine (B6) [41,54] | 0 | 10 | 3/35 | 8/153 | 3 | Muscle | 2.9/4.4****) |
Biotin [53] | 0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.15 | Muscle | ns |
Folic acid [53] | 0 | 10 | 1 | 6 | 1 | Liver | 1.4 |
Vitamin B12 [53] | 0 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.09 | R | Muscle | ns |
Vitamin C [55 | 0 | 70 | 0 | 57 | 20 | Liver | 8.5 |
Elements | |||||||
Zinc (Zn) [56] | 0 | 100 | 60 | 155 | 15 | Whole body | 1.6 |
Iodine (I) [57] | 0 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.1 | Whole body | ns |
Copper (Cu) [56] | 0 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 3 | Whole body | ns |
Cobolt (Co) [56] | 0 | 1 | 0.2 | 1.2 | ? | Whole body | ns |
Manganese (Mn) [56] | 0 | 8 | 29 | 36 | 12 | Whole body | ns |
*) For rainbow trout; R: required;? not determined
**) Significant differences in organ status in rainbow trout fed Diets S relative to U (p<0.05) given as status Diet S/status Diet U
***) ns not significant difference
****) Muscle ASAT activity (U/g protein)