Table 1.
Baseline characteristics (unadjusted) of the studied patient population as stratified by the 90-day outcome
| Characteristics | All patients (n=140) | Favorable outcome (n=76) | Unfavorable outcome (n=64) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 73 (62–85) | 72 (61–82) | 78 (68–86) | 0.014 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 80 (57%) | 34 (45%) | 46 (72%) | 0.002 |
| Evident CES | 96 (69%) | 44 (58%) | 52 (81%) | 0.003 |
| Female sex | 72 (51%) | 34 (45%) | 38 (59%) | 0.092 |
| Admission NIHSS | 6 (3–14) | 5 (2–8) | 13 (6–18) | <0.001 |
| Infarct volume, mL | 6 (2–28) | 4 (2–14) | 7 (2–66) | <0.001 |
| Left hemisphere infarction | 79 (56%) | 43 (57%) | 36 (56%) | 1.000 |
| Right hemisphere infarction | 43 (31%) | 26 (34%) | 17 (27%) | 0.362 |
| Bilateral infarcts | 18 (13%) | 7 (9%) | 11 (17%) | 0.207 |
| Admission glucose, mg/dL | 120 (101–136) | 119 (100–129) | 121 (103–154) | 0.090 |
| Admission creatinine, mg/dL | 0.95 (0.79–1.21) | 0.96 (0.82–1.21) | 0.92 (0.72–1.21) | 0.330 |
| LDL (within 24 h), mg/dl | 90 (75–117) | 89 (76–112) | 90 (73–119) | 0.814 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (3–5) | 0.005 |
| Preexisting risk factors | ||||
| Congestive heart failure | 16 (11%) | 6 (8%) | 10 (16%) | 0.187 |
| Hypertension | 117 (84%) | 61 (80%) | 56 (88%) | 0.264 |
| Diabetes | 30 (21%) | 15 (20%) | 15 (23%) | 0.681 |
| Prior stroke or TIA | 25 (18%) | 9 (12%) | 16 (25%) | 0.049 |
| Vascular disease | 38 (27%) | 18 (24%) | 20 (31%) | 0.345 |
| Dyslipidemia | 70 (50%) | 37 (49%) | 33 (52%) | 0.865 |
| Preadmission medications | ||||
| Statin | 51 (36%) | 29 (38%) | 22 (34%) | 0.725 |
| Antihypertensive | 105 (75%) | 55 (72%) | 50 (78%) | 0.557 |
| Antiglycemic | 21 (15%) | 11 (15%) | 10 (16%) | 1.000 |
| Antiplatelets | 69 (49%) | 36 (47%) | 33 (52%) | 0.735 |
| Oral anticoagulant | 16 (11%) | 6 (8%) | 10 (16%) | 0.187 |
| Oral anticoagulant after stroke | 59 (42%) | 32 (42%) | 27 (42%) | 1.000 |
| Thrombolysis with rtPA | 44 (31%) | 21 (28%) | 23 (36%) | 0.361 |
| Time to rtPA, min | 58 (55–120) | 57 (54–77) | 67 (55–165) | 0.082 |
| Endovascular stroke therapy* | 8 (6%) | 4 (5%) | 4 (6%) | 1.000 |
| Pre-admission mRS | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 1 (0–2) | <0.001 |
Data are n (%) or median (25th–75th quartile); LDL=low density lipoprotein cholesterol; mRS=modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS=National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; rtPA=recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator, TIA=transient ischemic attack. Four patients were lost to follow up.
*
With or without intravenous rtPA.