Fig. 5.

ILE alone has no effect on cardiomyocyte Ca²⁺ transient amplitude or contractility. a Representative example of intracellular Ca²⁺ transients (top trace) and cell shortening (bottom trace) recorded from Fluo-4 AM-loaded ventricular myocytes field-stimulated at 2-Hz frequency. Addition of ILE has no effect on Ca²⁺ transient amplitude or cell shortening. b, c Bar graphs report average data of Ca²⁺ transient amplitude and cell shortening, respectively, before and after application of ILE. All values were normalized to baseline values (control) before ILE application. n = 10 cells from two animals. Paired two-tailed Student’s t test was used to compare the two groups