Table 1. Baseline characteristics of all consecutive patients and the subgroup with impaired renal function at baseline undergoing renal artery revascularization with and without renal function improvement during follow up.

Characteristics	Overall cohort (n=127)			P value	Subgroup with baseline eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n=56)		P value
	All patients (n=127)	Improvement in renal function (n=42)	No improvement in renal function (n=73)		Improvement in renal function (n=27)	No improvement in renal function (n=22)
Age (mean ± SD), years	63±13	66±11	61±14	0.06	69±11	69±11	0.94
Female [n, (%)]	58 [46]	20 [48]	32 [44]	0.70	12 [44]	5 [23]	0.14
Diabetes mellitus [n, (%)]	21 [17]	8 [19]	9 [12]	0.41	7 [26]	5 [23]	1.00
Hypercholesterolemia [n, (%)]	93 [73]	27 [66]	58 [80]	0.12	20 [74]	20 [91]	0.16
Smoker [n, (%)]	52 [41]	16 [38]	32 [46]	0.55	10 [37]	13 [62]	0.14
Obesity [n, (%)]	45 [35]	17 [41]	24 [33]	0.43	11 [41]	9 [41]	1.00
Co-morbidities
CAD [n, (%)]	48 [38]	14 [33]	28 [39]	0.69	11 [41]	11 [52]	0.56
Cerebrovascular disease [n, (%)]	21 [17]	6 [14]	12 [17]	0.79	4 [15]	3 [13]	1.00
PAD [n, (%)]	45 [36]	13 [31]	30 [41]	0.32	10 [37]	12 [54]	0.26
LVEF <40% [n, (%)]	6 [5]	1 [3]	5 [8]	0.66	1 [4]	4 [18]	0.14
CRP (mg/L)	7.0±9.7	8.1±8.3	6.9±11.0	0.53	10.5±9.3	12.0±17.9	0.70
Renal function
Baseline serum creatinine (ìmol/L)	112±59	128±53	104±63	0.04	155±48	168±83	0.48
Follow-up serum creatinine (ìmol/L)	110±76	101±41	116±90	0.33	121±37*	192±135	0.011
Baseline eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)	65±27	54±23	73±28	<0.001	40±12	41±12	0.71
Follow-up eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)	69±29†	70±31†	68±28	0.71	53±18*	39±14†	0.004
Baseline eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, n [%]	56 [44]	27 [64]	22 [30]	<0.001	27 [100]	22 [100]	NA
CKD stage 1 (GFR >90 mL/min/1.73 m2)	23 [18]	2 [5]	20 [27]	0.002	NA	NA	-
CKD stage 2 (GFR 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2)	48 [38]	13 [31]	31 [42]	-	NA	NA	-
CKD stage 3 (GFR 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2)	47 [37]	22 [52]	18 [25]	-	22 [82]	18 [82]	0.49
CKD stage 4 (GFR 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m2)	8 [6]	5 [12]	3 [4]	-	5 [18]	3 [14]	-
CKD stage 5 (GFR <15mL/min/1.73 m2)	1 [1]	0 [0]	1 [1]	-	0 [0]	1 [4]	-
Arterial hypertension
SBP at baseline (mmHg)	147±17	151±20	146±16	0.13	152±20	150±15	0.68
SBP at follow-up (mmHg)	137±16*	136±16*	137±19*	0.69	136±19*	134±16*	0.62
DBP at follow-up (mmHg)	77±11*	74±9†	79±12†	0.02	71±9†	76±13	0.13
Number of antihypertensive drugs at baseline	2.9±1.3	3.1±1.2	2.8±1.3	0.23	3.2±1.3	3.0±1.4	0.70
Number of antihypertensive drugs at follow-up	2.6±1.4†	2.7±1.6	2.6±1.3	0.83	2.6±1.5†	2.9±1.2	0.59
Renal anatomy and physiology
Kidney length (mm)	103±13	103±13	103±14	0.88	101±13	97±13	0.27
Renal/aortal ratio at baseline	5.3±1.9	5.1±1.8	5.4±1.9	0.49	5.4±1.5	5.8±1.6	0.52
Renal/aortal ratio at follow-up	1.9±0.9*	2.0±0.8*	1.9±1.0*	0.78	1.9±0.8*	1.7±0.6*	0.21
Intrarenal RI at baseline	0.63±0.10	0.63±0.11	0.62±0.09	0.91	0.64±0.11	0.65±0.11	0.74
Contralateral intrarenal RI at baseline	0.70±0.08¶	0.72±0.09¶	0.69±0.08¶	0.09	0.73±0.08¶	0.72±0.07¶	0.64
Intrarenal RI at follow-up	0.71±0.08*	0.72±0.07*	0.69±0.07*	0.21	0.75±0.10*	0.73±0.07*	0.61
Bilateral stenosis [n, (%)]	13 [10]	6 [14]	7 [10]	0.54	6 [22]	2 [9]	0.27
≥ 70% stenosis [n, (%)]	105 [84]	38 [90]	58 [84]	0.40	25 [93]	21 [91]	1.00
Ostial stenosis [n, (%)]	97 [78]	30 [73]	58 [80]	0.49	20 [77]	21 [96]	0.11
Stent placed [n, (%)]	106 [85]	38 [90]	59 [81]	0.19	27 [100]	20 [91]	0.20
Fibromuscular dysplasia [n, (%)]	18 [14]	5 [12]	12 [16]	0.59	1 [5]	1 [4]	1.00

Data are expressed as mean ± SD, or number (percentage) of patients. *, P<0.001 compared with baseline; ^†, P<0.05 compared with baseline; ^¶, P<0.05 compared with RI on the stenotic side. BP indicates blood pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction, eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; RI, resistance index.