Figure 3. Interaction of HSA protein with positively charged nanoparticles.

(a) The adsorption number of HSA protein on positively charged nanoparticle surface as functions of the property (i.e., polymer length and density) of coating polymers where the nanoparticle size is 10 nm and the surface charge density is 0.2 e/nm² (ten independent simulations are averaged). (b) Potential of mean force of adsorption as a function of the distance from center of mass of nanoparticle to that of HSA protein under different surface coatings (the polymer density is 0.8/nm²). The inset shows the depth of energy well (i.e., the minimal value) in the PMF profile (five independent simulations are averaged).