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. 2016 May 26;6:26865. doi: 10.1038/srep26865

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Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Six P30 brains in each group were processed for Golgi–Cox impregnation and pyramidal neurons in laminae II-III of the PFC were studied in the control (examples in a) and ketamine (examples in b) groups. The left panels of (a,b) show two examples of Golgi-impregnated neurons. The total branch number and dendritic length were significantly increased in the ketamine compared to the control group (c,d) n = 60 neurons in each group). In addition, the ketamine group had higher spine density than the control (a’, b’, (e) n = 60 dendrites in each group). Sholl analysis showed that the complexity of dendritic trees was higher in the ketamine than in the control group (f) Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.