| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| CPLE | Carica papaya leaf extract |
| NC | Normal control |
| D | Diabetic |
| STZ | Streptozotocin |
| IOD | Integrated optical density |
| HE | Hematoxylin and eosin |
| PEG | Polyethylene glycol |
| DAB | Diaminobenzidine |
| PBS | Phosphate buffered saline |
| HBSS | Hank’s balanced salt solution |