| ALA | 5-aminolevulinic acid |
| BMI | body mass index |
| DTT | dithiothreitol |
| NP | non-pregnant women |
| NP-SH | non-protein thiol groups |
| PIS | pregnant women who were on iron supplementation |
| P-SH | Protein thiol groups |
| PWS | pregnant women without supplementation |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SD | standard deviation |
| TBARS | thiobarbituric acid reactive substances |
| VIT C | vitamin C |
| δ-ALA-D | delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase |
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