Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics and health states of the total participants (n = 467).
| Characteristics | No Antenatal Anxiety n = 371 | Antenatal Anxiety n = 96 | χ2 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Area | ||||
| Urban | 203 (54.7) | 49 (51.0) | 3.723 | 0.155 |
| County | 113 (30.5) | 25 (26.0) | ||
| Rural | 55 (14.8) | 22 (22.9) | ||
| Age (years) | ||||
| <30 | 240 (64.7) | 69 (71.9) | 2.571 | 0.277 |
| 30–35 | 95 (25.6) | 22 (22.9) | ||
| ≥35 | 36 (9.7) | 5 (5.2) | ||
| Household Income (￥) | ||||
| <3000 | 167 (45.0) | 39 (40.6) | 0.600 | 0.440 |
| ≥3000 | 204 (55.0) | 57 (59.4) | ||
| Educational Level | ||||
| Middle School or Below | 42 (11.3) | 24 (25.0) | 13.705 | 0.001 |
| High School or Technical Secondary School | 179 (48.2) | 46 (47.9) | ||
| College or Higher | 150 (40.4) | 26 (27.1) | ||
| Job | ||||
| Muscular Work | 172 (46.4) | 43 (46.9) | 0.767 | 0.681 |
| Mental Work | 159 (42.9) | 45 (46.9) | ||
| Other a | 40 (10.8) | 8 (8.3) | ||
| Personality | ||||
| Extraversion | 167 (45.0) | 40 (41.7) | 1.250 | 0.535 |
| Neuroticism | 70 (18.9) | 23 (24.0) | ||
| Agreeableness | 134 (36.1) | 33 (34.4) | ||
| Conjugal Relationship | ||||
| Harmony | 330 (88.9) | 64 (66.7) | 28.712 | <0.001 |
| Disharmony | 41 (11.1) | 32 (33.3) | ||
| Family Relationship | ||||
| Harmony | 329 (88.7) | 60 (62.5) | 37.569 | <0.001 |
| Disharmony | 42 (11.3) | 36 (37.5) | ||
| Expected Birth Mode | ||||
| Natural Delivery | 136 (36.7) | 48 (50.0) | 5.686 | 0.017 |
| Caesarean Sections | 235 (63.3) | 48 (50.0) | ||
| Postpartum Care | ||||
| Yes | 281 (75.7) | 68 (70.8) | 0.973 | 0.324 |
| No | 90 (24.3) | 28 (29.2) | ||
| Premarital Examination | ||||
| Yes | 207 (55.8) | 50 (52.1) | 0.425 | 0.515 |
| No | 164 (44.2) | 46 (47.9) | ||
| Anemia Before Pregnancy | ||||
| Yes | 17 (4.6) | 8 (8.3) | 2.118 | 0.146 |
| No | 354 (95.4) | 88 (91.7) | ||
| Anemia During Pregnancy | ||||
| Yes | 329 (88.7) | 42 (11.3) | 2.819 | 0.093 |
| No | 79 (82.3) | 17 (17.7) | ||
| Gestational Diabetes Mellitus | ||||
| Yes | 17 (4.6) | 7 (7.3) | 0.660 | 0.417 |
| No | 354 (95.4) | 89(92.7) | ||
| Calf Cramps | ||||
| Yes | 97 (26.1) | 30 (31.3) | 1.004 | 0.316 |
| No | 274 (73.9) | 66 (68.8) | ||
| Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension | ||||
| Yes | 12 (3.2) | 13 (13.5) | 15.991 | <0.001 |
| No | 359 (96.8) | 83 (86.5) | ||
| Sleep Deprivation | ||||
| Worse | 40 (10.8) | 5 (5.2) | 6.194 | 0.045 |
| The Same | 263 (70.9) | 80 (83.3) | ||
| Better | 68 (18.3) | 11 (11.5) | ||
| Morning Sickness | ||||
| Serious | 54 (14.6) | 22 (22.9) | 5.543 | 0.063 |
| Medium | 229 (61.7) | 59 (61.5) | ||
| Light | 88 (23.7) | 16 (15.6) | ||
| Life Satisfaction | ||||
| Yes | 340 (91.6) | 58 (60.4) | 59.062 | <0.001 |
| No | 31 (8.4) | 38 (39.6) |
a Refers to occupations that could not be classified such as, housewife, massage therapist, etc.