Table 2.

Studies with skin aging, facial appearance and sleep.

Study	Year	Ethnicity	Number of Subjects	Sleep Disorders	Skin Features	Results
Oyetakin-White	2015	Caucasian	60 women	Sleep quality PSQI >5, sleep duration <5 h	Skin aging measured by SCINEXATM and skin barrier measured by transepidemal water loss	Lower intrinsic aging scores in good sleepers, and 30% greater barrier function compared to poor sleepers
Sundelin	2013	Swedish	20 women	Normal sleeper and 31 h of sleep deprivation followed by 5 h of sleep	40 observers rated facial photographs for fatigue, facial cues and sadness	Sleep deprived had more swollen eyes, darker circles, more wrinkles, fine lines and more droopy corners of the eyes
Chervin	2013	USA	14 men and 6 women	OSA	22 raters noted post treatment patients	Post treatment patients appeared more alert, more youthful and more attractive

OSA-Obstructive Sleep Apnea, PSQI-Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.