| DHI | 5,6-dihydroxyindole |
| DHICA | 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid |
| BTZ | 1,4-benzothiazine |
| BTZCA | 1,4-benzothiazine carboxylic acid |
| UVA | ultraviolet A |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| MC1R | melanocortin-1-receptor |
| α-MSH | α-melanocyte stimulating hormone |
| ASIP | Agouti signal protein |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphate |
| Tyrp1 | tyrosinase-related protein 1 |
| Dct | dopachrome tautomerase |
| 5SCD | 5-S-cysteinyldopa |
| 2SCD | 2-S-cysteinyldopa |
| PVA | polyvinyl alcohol |
| EPR | electron paramagnetic resonance |
| DPPH | 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl |
| ABTS | 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| BBT | 2,2’-bibenzothiazines |
| BT-TIQ | benzothiazolylthiazinodihydroisoquinoline |
| GSH | glutathione |