Table 2.
Circulating miRNAs with potential to become markers in biliary tract cancers.
| miRNAs: Up-/Down-Regulation | Samples Number | Type of Sample | Diagnosis/Prognosis Potential | Origin of Specimen | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Up: miR-21, miR-187, and miR-202 Down: let-7a, miR-143 and miR-335 |
GBC (40); HVs (40) | Plasma | All diagnosis/only miR-187, miR-202 and miR-143 prognosis | China | GBC versus HVs | Li et al. [132] |
| Up: miR-21 | BTCs (94) including CCA, GBC and AC; HVs (50); BBD (23) | Plasma | Diagnosis and prognosis | Japan | BTCs versus HVs and BTCs versus BBD | Kishimoto et al. [30] |
| Up: miR-483-5p, miR505-3p, miR874, miR885-5p, miR-320b, miR-92b-3p, miR1275 and miR1307-3p | iCCA (13); HVs (5) | Plasma | Diagnosis | Thailand | iCCA versus HVs | Plieskatt et al. [40] |
| Up: miR-150 | iCCA (15) | Plasma | Diagnosis | China | iCCA versus controls | Wang et al. [134] |
| Up: miR-192 | iCCA (51); HVs (32) | Serum | Diagnosis and prognosis | Thailand | iCCA versus HVs | Silakit et al. [135] |
|
Up (serum samples): miR-1281, miR-126, miR-26a, miR-30b and miR-122 Down (bile samples): miR-412, miR-640, miR-1537 Up (bile samples): miR-3189 |
PSC (40 serum,52bile); CCA (31 serum, 19 bile); PSC/CCA (12 bile); HVs (12 serum) | Serum/bile | Diagnosis | Germany | PSC versus CCA | Voigtlander et al. [136] |
|
Down: miR-200c (PSC vs. HVs) Up: miR-483-5p and miR-194 (CCA vs. HVs) Up: miR-222 and miR-483-5p (CCA vs. PSC) |
CCA (70); PSC (70); HVs (70) | Serum | Diagnosis | Italy | PSC versus HVs; CCA versus HVs; CCA versus PSC | Bernuzzi et al. [137] |
| Down: miR-125a-3p and miR-6893-5p | BTCs (98) including iCCA, eCCA, GBC, HBD and AC; HVs (150) | Serum | Diagnosis | Japan | BTCs versus HVs | Kojima et al. [138] |
| Up: miR-191, miR-486-3p, miR-1274b, miR-16 and miR-484 | CCA (46); Control group (50) including BBO, PSC, SOD, CP and cholangitis | Bile in EVs | Diagnosis | USA (Including Caucasian;African American; Asian and Hispanic) | CCA versus PSC and BBO | Li et al. [24] |
| Up: miR-9, miR-145 *, miR-105, miR-147b, let-7f-2*, let-7i*, miR-302c*, miR-199a-3p, miR-222* and miR-942 | BTCs (9) including CCA and GBC; Choledocholithiasis (9) | Bile | Diagnosis | Japan | BTCs versus choledocholithiasis | Shigehara et al. [114] |
|
Down:miR-106a Up: miR-21 (no significant difference) |
CCA (103); BBD (34); HVs (20) | Serum | Diagnosis and Prognosis | China | CCA versus BBD and HVs | Cheng et al. [139] |
| Down: miR-21 and miR-17-5p (no significant difference) | PC (22); AC (6); HVs (8) | Serum in EVs | -- | China | AC versus PC | Que et al. [145] |
|
Up: miR-210, miR-200c, miR-194 and miR-192 Down: miR-133a and miR-891a |
Choledocholithiasis and HVs | Gallstones | -- | China | Choledocholithiasis versus HVs | Yang et al. [152] |
| Up: miR-224 | CCA (30); HVs (50) | Serum | Diagnosis | China | CCA versus HVs | Huang et al. [144] |
CCA: Cholangiocarcinoma; GBC: gallbladder cancer; AC: ampulla Vater cancer; HVs healthy volunteers ; iCCA: intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; PSC: primary sclerosing cholangitis; eCCA: extrahepaticcholangiocarcinoma; HBD: hilar bile duct cancer; BBO: benign biliary obstruction; SOD: sphincter of Oddi dysfunction; CP: chronic pancreatitis; BBD: benign bile-duct disease; PA: pancreatic adenocarcinoma; EVs: extracellular vesicles; --: No data.