Table 1.
Bacterial counts in colony forming units (CFU) and prevalence of S. infantarius subsp. infantarius (Sii) and S. gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus (Sgm) determined from unfermented Kenyan raw milk samples (n = 72) of camel, cow and goat origin in this and in a previous study.
| Sample type | Samples/isolates | Agar media log10 CFU/mL (average ± SDa) |
pH (average ± SDa) | Prevalence Sii (and SBSEC members) |
Reference | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M17 | SM | MRS | KFS | Samples % |
Isolates % |
||||||
| Sii | Sgm | Sii | Sgm | ||||||||
| Raw milk from Kenya | |||||||||||
| Camel raw milk | |||||||||||
| Herd level | 14/40 | 1.6 ± 2.0* | 2.6 ± 1.2* | n.d. | n.d. | 6.1 ± 0.2(2)* | - | - | - | - | This study |
| Herd level | 17/59 | 2.7 ± 0.8C | n.d. | 2.2 ± 1.5B | 0.7 ± 1.1* | 6.5 ± 0.1(17)A | - | - | - | - | Jans et al. (2012a) |
| Intermediate level | 5/26 | 4.5 ± 1.1BC | n.d. | 4.7 ± 1.1A | 2.1 ± 1.9A | 6.4 ± 0.2(5)A | - | - | - | - | Jans et al. (2012a) |
| Market level | 11/55 | 5.6 ± 1.1A | 3.0 ± 2.3A | n.d. | n.d. | 6.4 ± 0.1(3)AB | - | - | - | - | This study |
| Market level | 4/50 | 6.8 ± 0.5A | n.d. | 6.6 ± 0.8A | 3.7 ± 1.0A | 6.2 ± 0.0(4)BC | - | - | - | - | Jans et al. (2012a) |
| Milk 24 h | 14/69 | 6.5 ± 1.2* | 6.3 ± 1.4* | n.d. | n.d. | 6.5 ± 0.1(12)* | - | - | - | - | This study |
| Cow raw milk | |||||||||||
| Herd level | 6/56 | 3.8 ± 1.2BC | 3.9 ± 1.1A | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | - | - | - | - | This study |
| Market level | 8/50 | 3.5 ± 1.8BC | 2.5 ± 1.6* | n.d. | n.d. | 6.5 ± 0.2(3)A | - | - | - | - | This study |
| Goat raw milk | |||||||||||
| Herd level | 6/36 | 3.2 ± 0.8BC | 2.8 ± 1.0A | n.d. | n.d. | 6.2 ± 0.2(6)C | - | - | - | - | This study |
| Market level | 9/73 | 3.6 ± 1.4* | 3.1 ± 1.7A | n.d. | n.d. | 6.1 ± 0.3(2)* | 11.1 | - | 2.7 | - | This study |
| Milk 24 h | 4/10 | 4.1 ± 0.7B | 2.9 ± 2.0* | n.d. | n.d. | 6.6(1)* | - | - | - | - | This study |
Sii: S. infantarius subsp. infantarius; Sgm: S. gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus; a) SD: standard deviation; superscript figure in brackets = number of pH measurements; n.d.: not determined; “–” below detection limit.Statistics comment:*) samples not normally distributed according to Shapiro–Wilk test (alpha = 0.05) were excluded from t-test and analyzed in a pair-wise Kruskal–Wallis test (alpha = 0.05). Values per column M17, SM, MRS, KFS and pH not connected by the same capital letter (A, B, C) are significantly different (t test, alpha = 0.05).