Table 2.
Relative risk ratios: age 18 and age 35 predictors of past five-year alcohol use disorder (AUD) drinkers, nondisordered drinkers, and abstainers.
| AUD AS COMPARED TO ABSTAINERS RRR (CI) | AUD AS COMPARED TO NON-DISORDERED DRINKERS (NDD) RRR (CI) | NON-DISORDERED DRINKERS (NDD) AS COMPARED TO ABSTAINERS RRR(CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age 18 Predictors | |||
| Sociodemographics | |||
| Male | 1.693(1.520, 1.887)*** | 2.008(1.882, 2.142)*** | 0.844(0.765, 0.930)** |
| African Americana | 0.512(0.423, 0.620)*** | 0.784(0.676, 0.911)** | 0.653(0.566, 0.754)*** |
| Hispanica | 1.646(1.289, 2.101)** | 1.157(0.988, 1.355) | 1.423(1.150, 1.759)** |
| Other race/ethnicitya | 0.588(0.477, 0.724)*** | 0.866(0.749, 1.000) | 0.679(0.570, 0.809)*** |
| Parent education: at least some college | 1.428(1.283, 1.589)*** | 1.168(1.091, 1.249)*** | 1.223(1.114, 1.343)*** |
| Cohorts 1987–1993b | 1.058(0.948, 1.181) | 1.063(0.992, 1.139) | 0.995(0.904, 1.096) |
| Cohorts 1994–1997b | 1.091(0.941, 1.265) | 1.045(0.956, 1.142) | 1.044(0.916, 1.191) |
| Education and social indicators | |||
| Lower high school grades | 0.956(0.839, 1.090) | 0.901(0.832, 0.977)* | 1.061(0.944, 1.192) |
| Truancy | 1.379(1.220, 1.558)*** | 1.263(1.178, 1.354)*** | 1.092(0.977, 1.220) |
| 3+ Evenings out/week | 1.184(1.070, 1.310)** | 1.108(1.039, 1.181)** | 1.068(0.978, 1.167) |
| Substance use | |||
| Any 2-week binge drinking | 3.121(2.748, 3.545)*** | 1.722(1.601, 1.852)*** | 1.813(1.616, 2.034)*** |
| Any 30-day cigarette use | 1.229(1.077, 1.402)** | 1.112(1.029, 1.203)* | 1.104(0.982, 1.242) |
| Any 12-month marijuana use | 1.621(1.397, 1.881)*** | 1.296(1.194, 1.407)*** | 1.251(1.093, 1.431)** |
| Age 35 Predictors | |||
| Sociodemographics | |||
| Marriedc | 0.735(0.601, 0.899)* | 0.713(0.624, 0.816)*** | 1.030(0.901, 1.179) |
| Cohabitingc | 1.612(1.203, 2.162)** | 1.086(0.930, 1.269) | 1.484(1.159, 1.900)** |
| Parent | 0.870(0.765, 0.989)† | 0.790(0.732, 0.853)*** | 1.101(0.980, 1.237) |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 1.976(1.768, 2.209)*** | 1.084(1.011, 1.161) | 1.824(1.654, 2.012)*** |
| Employed | 1.764(1.531, 2.033)*** | 1.261(1.137, 1.398)*** | 1.399(1.247, 1.569)*** |
| Financially independent | 1.117(0.987, 1.266) | 0.878(0.812, 0.949)** | 1.273(1.141, 1.421)*** |
| Religiosity | 0.284(0.255, 0.317)*** | 0.782(0.732, 0.836)*** | 0.363(0.330, 0.400)*** |
| Health indicators | |||
| Overall good physical health | 0.953(0.895, 1.014) | 0.930(0.897, 0.965)** | 1.024(0.968, 1.084) |
| Overweight/obese | 0.920(0.830, 1.019) | 0.895(0.840, 0.953)** | 1.028(0.939, 1.126) |
| Exercising vigorously | 1.127(1.080, 1.176)*** | 1.040(1.014, 1.067)* | 1.084(1.043, 1.126)** |
| Trouble sleeping | 1.123(1.089, 1.158)*** | 1.086(1.067, 1.105)*** | 1.034(1.006, 1.063)* |
| Cognitive difficulties | 1.099(1.046, 1.154)** | 1.202(1.167, 1.239)*** | 0.914(0.874, 0.955)** |
| Doctor visit for injuries | 0.931(0.820, 1.057) | 0.977(0.906, 1.054) | 0.952(0.852, 1.064) |
| Life satisfaction | |||
| Satisfaction with spouse/partner | 0.819(0.778, 0.861)*** | 0.870(0.845, 0.896)*** | 0.941(0.898, 0.985)* |
| Job satisfaction | 0.944(0.901, 0.989)* | 0.989(0.964, 1.015) | 0.954(0.915, 0.995)* |
| Satisfaction with standard of living | 1.054(1.001, 1.110)† | 0.990(0.961, 1.020) | 1.064(1.016, 1.115)* |
| Satisfaction with free time | 0.930(0.892, 0.970)** | 1.030(1.005, 1.056)* | 0.903(0.871, 0.937)*** |
| Substance use | |||
| Any 30-day cigarette use | 3.695(3.132, 4.360)*** | 1.765(1.627, 1.914)*** | 2.094(1.794, 2.444)*** |
| Any 12-month marijuana use | 6.594(4.692, 9.269)*** | 1.774(1.601, 1.966)*** | 3.716(2.668, 5.177)*** |
Notes: Unweighted N = 25,536. CI pertains to 95% CIs about the relative risk ratios.
a
Reference group is White.
b
Reference group is cohorts 1977–1986.
c
Reference group is single/separated/divorced/engaged/widowed.
*
P < 0.05.
**
P < 0.01.
***
P < 0.001.
†
Although the CI does not include 1.0, the reported P-values for the coefficients of parent and satisfaction with standard of living are 0.08 and 0.09, respectively.