Table 1. Baseline socio-demographic and clinical data in cases and controls.
| Parameter | Controls | Cases | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, male (%) | 3/10 (30%) | 3/10 (30%) | 1.003 |
| Gestational age in wks, median (IQR)1 | 40 (39.7–40.8) | 37.8 (36.8–40.2) | 0.194 |
| Birth weight in Kg, median (IQR) | 2.9 (2.7–3.3) | 2.1 (1.9–2.3) | 0.00024 |
| Socioeconomic status2 | |||
| Low | 6/10 (60%) | 6/10 (60%) | 1.003 |
| Middle | 4/10 (40%) | 4/10 (40%) | 1.003 |
| Age of weaning in months | 3.8 (1.8–5.6) | 3.3 (1.4–5.2) | 0.7623 |
| Exclusive breast feeding for 6 mths | 1/10 (10%) | 2/10 (20%) | 1.003 |
| Exclusive breast feeding for 3 mths | 5/10 (50%) | 4/10 (40%) | 0.53 |
| No. with diarrhea from 0 to 24 mths | 0/10 (0%) | 10/10 (100%) | <0.00013 |
| No. of diarrheal episodes from 0 to 24 mths | 0 | 66 | - |
| No. treated with antibiotics from 0 to 24 mths | 0/10 (0%) | 9/10 (90%) | <0.00013 |
| No. of episodes of antibiotic use from 0 to 24 mths | 19 | 81 | 0.014 |
| No. with diarrhea from 0 to 3 mths | 0/10 (0%) | 3/10 (30%) | 0.21053 |
| No. of diarrheal episodes from 0 to 3 mths | 0 | 8 | - |
| No. treated with antibiotics from 0 to 3 mths | 1/10 (10%) | 4/10 (40%) | 0.30344 |
| No. of episodes of antibiotic use from 0 to 3 mths | 1 | 6 | 0.094 |
1information missing for one subject
2assessed using a 5 point scale modified from the Kuppuswamy scale
3Fisher’s exact test
4Mann-Whitney test. Statistically significant P values (P <0.05) are in bold type