Table 1. Characteristics of the Whole Population.
| Factors | No LNM (n = 1108) | LNM (n = 61) | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (n) | % (n) | |||
| Age (mean±SD) | 52.9 ± 10.9 | 50.0 ± 10.8 | 0.482 | |
| Sex (male:female) | 611: 497 | 23: 38 | 0.007 | |
| Tumor location | ||||
| Upper | 9.2 (102) | 9.8 (6) | 0.720 | |
| Middle | 44.3 (491) | 44.3 (27) | 0.560 | |
| Lower | 46.5 (515) | 45.9 (28) | ||
| Macroscopic type | ||||
| Elevated | 2.2 (24) | 0.0 (0) | 0.984 | |
| Flat | 19.2 (213) | 13.1 (8) | 0.766 | |
| Depressed | 52.8 (585) | 54.1 (33) | ||
| Mixed | 25.8 (286) | 32.8 (20) | 0.276 | |
| Ulcer | 0.909 | |||
| No | 6.1(1047) | 93.8 (57) | ||
| Yes | 93.9 (61) | 6.2 (4) | ||
| Tumor size | 3.0 ± 2.0 | 4.2 ± 2.5 | 0.001 | |
| Depth of invasion | 0.025 | |||
| Lamina propria | 34.9 (387) | 13.1 (8) | ||
| Muscularis mucosa | 65.1 (721) | 86.9 (53) | ||
| Number of resected nodes (mean±SD) | 40.4 ± 13.7 | 44.5 ± 14.2 | 0.059 | |
| LVI | 0.006 | |||
| No | 97.7 (1083) | 80.3 (49) | ||
| Yes | 2.3 (25) | 19.7 (12) | ||
*By logistic regression analysis. LNM indicates lymph node metastasis; SD, standard deviation; EGC, early gastric cancer; EMR, endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; LVI, lymphatic-vascular involvement.